Table 3.
Physical performance measures and sarcopenia according to the applied definitions
| Baumgartner | Janssen | EWGSOP | IWGS | FNIH | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Side-by-side, eyes open* | 1.00 | 0.11–9.31 | 0.82 | 0.09–7.69 | 1.24 | 0.13–11.5 | 0.36 | 0.06–2.25 | 0.12 | 0.01–1.36 |
| Adjusted model | 1.47 | 0.15–14.4 | 0.60 | 0.06–6.46 | 1.32 | 0.10–17.5 | 0.58 | 0.09–3.85 | 0.05 | 0.00–0.82 |
| Semi-tandem, eyes open* | 1.49 | 0.41–5.49 | 0.80 | 0.24–2.65 | 0.51 | 0.19–1.42 | 1.00 | 0.31–3.27 | 0.66 | 0.07–6.18 |
| Adjusted model | 1.74 | 0.46–6.65 | 0.61 | 0.17–2.18 | 0.25 | 0.06–1.02 | 1.25 | 0.37–4.26 | 0.45 | 0.04–4.70 |
| Tandem, eyes open* | 0.29 | 0.10–0.82 | 1.83 | 0.75–4.44 | 0.44 | 0.18–1.07 | 0.29 | 0.10–0.82 | 1.10 | 0.18–6.80 |
| Adjusted model | 0.33 | 0.11–1.00 | 1.68 | 0.60–4.42 | 0.26 | 0.08–0.81 | 0.38 | 0.13–1.14 | 0.65 | 0.08–5.30 |
| Side-by-side, eyes closed* | 0.52 | 0.19–1.41 | 0.76 | 0.25–2.29 | 0.23 | 0.09–0.57 | 0.43 | 0.16–1.13 | 0.84 | 0.09–7.83 |
| Adjusted model | 0.58 | 0.21–1.65 | 0.66 | 0.21–2.10 | 0.07 | 0.01–0.33 | 0.51 | 0.18–1.40 | 0.66 | 0.07–6.58 |
| Semi-tandem, eyes closed* | 0.76 | 0.33–1.77 | 0.82 | 0.34–1.98 | 0.67 | 0.30–1.48 | 0.48 | 0.20–1.13 | 1.52 | 0.25–9.41 |
| Adjusted model | 0.94 | 0.38–2.34 | 0.62 | 0.23–1.66 | 0.51 | 0.19–1.39 | 0.63 | 0.25–1.59 | 1.09 | 0.16–7.74 |
| Gait speed, m/s | 0.41 | 0.08–2.07 | 1.54 | 0.30–7.83 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.72 | 0.02–21.4 |
| Adjusted model | 0.44 | 0.08–2.46 | 0.79 | 0.14–4.48 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.30 | 0.01–11.2 |
| TUG, sec | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.00–1.02 | 0.99–1.04 |
| Adjusted model | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.02 | 0.99–1.04 |
| CST, sec | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.03 |
| Adjusted model | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.08 | 1.02 | 1.00–1.03 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.02 | 0.99–1.04 |
| HGS, kg | 0.97 | 0.92–1.02 | 1.03 | 0.98–1.09 | NA | NA | 0.96 | 0.91–1.01 | NA | NA |
| Adjusted model | 0.86 | 0.78–0.94 | 0.94 | 0.87–1.03 | NA | NA | 0.85 | 0.77–0.94 | NA | NA |
| Difficulty walking, yes | 0.77 | 0.32–1.89 | 2.16 | 0.69–6.79 | 1.04 | 0.43–2.49 | 1.20 | 0.47–3.10 | 1.57 | 0.17–14.5 |
| Adjusted model | 0.68 | 0.27–1.71 | 2.34 | 074–7.44 | 1.96 | 0.70–5.47 | 1.16 | 0.43–3.15 | 1.72 | 0.18–16.0 |
| History of falling, yes | 1.27 | 0.53–3.06 | 0.95 | 0.38–2.35 | 1.00 | 0.45–2.26 | 1.56 | 0.63–3.85 | 2.35 | 0.26–21.6 |
| Adjusted model | 1.25 | 0.51–3.04 | 0.94 | 0.38–2.33 | 1.29 | 0.50–3.32 | 1.61 | 0.63–4.09 | 2.25 | 0.24–21.0 |
OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence interval; EWGSOP: European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People; IWGS: International Working Group on Sarcopenia; FNIH: Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; NA: Not Applicable; TUG: Timed Up and Go; CST: Chair Stand Test; HGS: Handgrip Strength. Adjusted model adjusted for sex and age. All results with a p-value < 0.05 are considered significant and are given in bold; *Balance tests were dichotomized into unable to maintain for ten seconds (0) and able to maintain for ten seconds (1).