Fig. 3.

Relative gene transcription levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 in LPS- and non-stimulated THP-1 derived macrophages after AOH exposure. Differentiated LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells were preincubated with AOH for 2 h and afterwards stimulated with LPS (10 ng/ml) for 3 h (a) and 18 h (b). Differentiated non-stimulated THP-1 cells were exposed to AOH for 5 h (c) and 20 h (d). Relative transcript levels were measured with qRT-PCR. Results are expressed as mean ± SD of the relative gene transcription ($2^{-\mathrm{\Delta }\mathrm{\Delta }{\text{C}}_T}$) and normalized either to LPS or the solvent control (0.1% DMSO). Statistical significances between varying concentrations of AOH were evaluated by Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA and significances compared to LPS/solvent control were calculated by Mann–Whitney U test; n = 3–7 independent experiments