. 2018 May 16;49(6):974–992. doi: 10.1007/s10578-018-0812-x

Table 2.

Means scores (standard errors) on pre- and post-treatment questionnaires of youth in the three treatment conditions and main results of the repeated measures ANOVA (intent-to-treat analysis)

	Pre			Post			F Time	F Time × group
	Cogmed WMT (n = 33)	Stimulant medication (n = 29)	Combined treatment (n = 25)	Cogmed WMT (n = 33)	Stimulant medication (n = 29)	Combined treatment (n = 25)	F Time	F Time × group
ADHD-Q P total	36.21 (2.45)^a	45.07 (2.51)^b	42.48 (2.70)^b	29.46 (2.52)^c	26.79 (2.69)^c	27.96 (2.89)^c	80.22***	5.77**
ADHD-Q P inattention	13.94 (0.93)^a	16.86 (0.99)^b	15.04 (1.07)^ab	11.27 (1.05)^c	10.10 (1.12)^c	10.68 (1.20)^c	55.96***	4.00*
ADHD-Q P hyperactivity	12.36 (1.01)^a	14.97 (1.08)^a	15.52 (1.16)^a	9.85 (0.94)^b	8.93 (1.01)^b	10.16 (1.08)^b	75.92***	4.46*
ADHD-Q P impulsivity	9.88 (0.97)^a	13.38 (1.03)^b	11.92 (1.11)^ab	8.33 (0.88)^c	7.83 (0.94)^c	7.12 (1.01)^c	50.31***	5.25**
ADHD-Q T total	38.09 (2.58)^a	38.52 (2.75)^a	37.24 (2.96)^a	33.46 (2.31)^b	18.17 (2.64)^c	15.92 (2.65)^c	99.87***	13.09***
ADHD-Q T inattention	13.58 (0.89)^a	13.31 (0.95)^a	14.08 (1.02)^a	11.52 (0.91)^b	6.90 (0.98)^c	7.04 (1.05)^c	79.74***	7.75**
ADHD-Q T hyperactivity	12.82 (1.05)^a	14.00 (1.12)^a	12.20 (1.21)^a	12.49 (0.86)^a	6.17 (0.92)^b	4.88 (0.99)^b	71.13***	16.84***
ADHD-Q T impulsivity	11.70 (1.05)^a	11.21 (1.12)^a	10.96 (1.21)^a	9.46 (0.82)^b	5.07 (0.87)^c	4.00 (0.94)^c	77.55***	6.62**
ADHD-Q C total	30.85 (2.51)^a	38.48 (2.68)^b	37.24 (2.88)^ab	26.06 (2.37)^c	23.62 (2.53)^c	27.60 (2.72)^c	39.64***	3.79*
ADHD-Q C inattention	10.61 (0.96)^a	13.79 (1.03)^b	13.40 (1.11)^b	9.24 (0.91)^ac	8.66 (0.97)^c	9.84 (1.04)^c	25.92***	2.99
ADHD-Q C hyperactivity	11.91 (0.93)^a	14.72 (0.99)^b	14.32 (1.07)^b	10.61 (0.96)^a	8.93 (1.02)^ac	10.84 (1.10)^ac	32.97***	4.81*
ADHD-Q C impulsivity	8.36 (0.99)^a	10.00 (1.06)^a	9.56 (1.14)^a	6.42 (0.81)^b	6.03 (0.86)^b	6.52 (0.93)^b	29.37***	1.23
SDQ P HI problems	6.91 (0.35)^a	8.24 (0.38)^b	8.04 (0.40)^b	6.18 (0.37)^ac	5.79 (0.40)^c	6.36 (0.43)^c	48.32***	4.95**
SDQ T HI problems	7.82 (0.40)^a	8.07 (0.43)^a	7.68 (0.46)^a	7.27 (0.38)^a	4.21 (0.41)^b	4.08 (0.44)^b	92.84***	15.94***
SDQ C HI problems	6.24 (0.34)^a	7.38 (0.37)^b	7.36 (0.39)^b	5.42 (0.43)^c	4.14 (0.46)^d	5.20 (0.49)^cd	64.93***	8.04**
SDQ P impact	2.24 (0.33)^a	3.28 (0.36)^ab	3.48 (0.38)^b	1.61 (0.31)^ac	0.93 (0.33)^c	1.52 (0.35)^c	41.54***	4.45*
SDQ T impact	1.91 (0.21)^a	1.90 (0.22)^a	1.96 (0.24)^a	1.61 (0.19)^a	0.52 (0.20)^b	0.64 (0.22)^b	77.50***	10.17***
SDQ C impact	1.00 (0.27)^a	2.21 (0.29)^b	2.00 (0.31)^b	0.61 (0.23)^c	0.62 (0.25)^c	1.16 (0.26)^c	21.23***	3.10
SDQ P other problems	5.73 (0.75)^a	7.97 (0.79)^b	7.44 (0.86)^ab	5.12 (0.72)^ab	6.72 (0.77)^b	6.84 (0.83)^b	4.13*	0.28
SDQ T other problems	7.70 (0.81)^a	6.66 (0.86)^a	7.04 (0.93)^a	6.27 (0.70)^b	4.17 (0.75)^b	4.64 (0.80)^b	29.66***	0.84
SDQ C other problems	7.85 (0.75)^a	8.48 (0.80)^a	7.96 (0.86)^a	6.94 (0.71)^ab	6.21 (0.76)^b	6.84 (0.81)^b	11.69**	1.06
BRIEF P total	144.49 (3.70)^a	159.66 (3.94)^b	156.92 (4.25)^b	135.24 (4.16)^c	141.07 (4.43)^c	139.32 (4.78)^c	38.01***	1.57
BRIEF P behavior regulation	48.15 (1.95)^a	53.66 (2.08)^a	53.40 (2.24)^a	45.82 (1.80)^ab	49.97 (1.93)^b	47.20 (2.07)^b	16.48***	1.24
BRIEF P metacognition	96.06 (2.41)^a	106.14 (2.57)^b	103.12 (2.77)^b	89.15 (2.98)^c	91.17 (3.18)^c	91.92 (3.43)^c	48.68***	2.35
BRIEF P working memory	25.03 (0.62)^a	26.72 (0.66)^a	25.48 (0.71)^a	22.48 (0.81)^b	22.14 (0.86)^b	22.04 (0.92)^b	61.39***	1.85

WMT working memory training, ADHD-Q ADHD-Questionnaire, SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, HI hyperactivity-inattention, BRIEF behavior rating inventory of executive functioning, P parent, T teacher, C child

Superscripts pertain to between-group (Cogmed WMT vs. stimulant medication vs. combined treatment on both assessment occasions separately) and within-group (pre- to post-treatment) differences; means not sharing similar superscripts differ at p < .05; ***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05