. 2018 May 16;49(6):974–992. doi: 10.1007/s10578-018-0812-x

Table 3.

Means scores (standard errors) on pre- and post-treatment questionnaires of youth in the three treatment conditions and main results of the repeated measures ANOVA (completer analysis)

	Pre			Post			F Time	F Time × group
	Cogmed WMT (n = 28)	Stimulant medication (n = 30)	Combined treatment (n = 20)	Cogmed WMT (n = 28)	Stimulant medication (n = 30)	Combined treatment (n = 20)	F Time	F Time × group
ADHD-Q P total	34.96 (2.44)^a	44.83 (2.36)^b	41.90 (2.89)^ab	28.00 (2.60)^c	24.93 (2.52)^c	28.15 (3.08)^c	71.75***	6.28**
ADHD-Q P inattention	13.96 (0.99)^a	16.07 (0.95)^a	15.20 (1.17)^a	11.00 (1.07)^b	9.17 (1.03)^b	10.55 (1.27)^b	51.20***	3.27*
ADHD-Q P hyperactivity	11.82 (1.09)^a	15.47 (1.06)^b	15.15 (1.30)^ab	9.04 (0.99)^c	8.70 (0.96)^c	10.30 (1.17)^c	67.97***	4.48*
ADHD-Q P impulsivity	9.14 (0.99)^a	13.42 (0.96)^b	11.55 (1.18)^ab	7.96 (0.93)^ac	7.13 (0.90)^c	7.30 (1.10)^c	42.69***	7.07**
ADHD-Q T total	38.36 (2.76)^a	37.67 (2.67)^a	38.60 (3.26)^a	33.68 (2.42)^b	15.90 (2.34)^c	16.15 (2.86)^c	95.40***	12.86***
ADHD-Q T inattention	13.64 (0.97)^a	12.73 (0.94)^a	14.45 (1.15)^a	11.43 (0.95)^b	6.03 (0.91)^c	6.65 (1.12)^c	78.85***	7.56**
ADHD-Q T hyperactivity	12.89 (1.09)^a	13.93 (1.06)^a	12.65 (1.29)^a	12.75 (0.88)^a	5.47 (0.85)^b	5.25 (1.05)^b	64.39***	16.94***
ADHD-Q T impulsivity	11.82 (1.14)^a	11.00 (1.10)^a	11.50 (1.34)^a	9.50 (0.87)^b	4.40 (0.84)^c	4.25 (1.03)^c	72.93***	6.22**
ADHD-Q C total	30.32 (2.70)^a	35.87 (2.61)^a	38.35 (3.20)^a	24.82 (2.46)^b	21.70 (2.37)^b	27.95 (2.91)^b	33.79***	2.43
ADHD-Q C inattention	10.68 (1.02)^a	12.47 (0.99)^ab	14.20 (1.21)^b	8.93 (0.94)^ac	7.77 (0.91)^c	9.95 (1.11)^c	24.95***	1.82
ADHD-Q C hyperactivity	11.68 (1.03)^a	14.43 (0.99)^a	14.00 (1.21)^a	10.04 (1.03)^ab	8.83 (0.99)^b	10.55 (1.22)^b	27.09***	3.21*
ADHD-Q C impulsivity	8.00 (1.05)^a	9.00 (0.98)^a	10.20 (1.24)^a	6.11 (0.83)^ac	5.10 (0.84)^ac	6.95 (0.98)^c	25.77***	1.12
SDQ P HI problems	6.79 (0.38)^a	8.30 (0.37)^b	8.05 (0.45)^b	6.07 (0.41)^ac	5.60 (0.39)^c	6.50 (0.48)^c	44.49***	6.20**
SDQ T HI problems	7.71 (0.43)^a	8.03 (0.41)^a	7.85 (0.50)^a	7.18 (0.40)^a	3.97 (0.39)^b	4.05 (0.48)^b	86.19***	15.36***
SDQ C HI problems	6.04 (0.38)^a	7.27 (0.37)^b	7.35 (0.45)^b	5.11 (0.46)^c	3.90 (0.44)^c	5.15 (0.54)^c	59.32***	7.21**
SDQ P impact	2.04 (0.36)^a	3.73 (0.35)^b	2.95 (0.42)^ab	1.50 (0.32)^ac	0.93 (0.31)^c	1.30 (0.38)^c	38.35***	6.82**
SDQ T impact	1.89 (0.22)^a	2.07 (0.22)^a	1.75 (0.26)^a	1.57 (0.19)^a	0.50 (0.18)^b	0.45 (0.22)^b	78.40***	11.08***
SDQ C impact	0.93 (0.30)^a	2.17 (0.29)^b	1.85 (0.36)^ab	0.46 (0.23)^c	0.60 (0.22)^c	0.90 (0.27)^c	21.26***	2.52
SDQ P other problems	5.46 (0.79)^a	8.87 (0.76)^b	6.40 (0.93)^a	4.89 (0.74)^a	7.40 (0.72)^b	5.90 (0.88)^ab	3.80	0.56
SDQ T other problems	7.29 (0.81)^a	7.63 (0.79)^a	6.05 (0.96)^a	5.82 (0.70)^b	4.40 (0.67)^b	3.90 (0.82)^b	34.88***	2.04
SDQ C other problems	7.39 (0.79)^a	8.83 (0.76)^a	7.85 (0.93)^a	6.75 (0.79)^ab	6.47 (0.76)^b	6.65 (0.93)^b	10.34**	1.51
BRIEF P total	143.50 (3.80)^a	162.53 (3.67)^b	152.80 (4.50)^ab	133.11 (4.39)^c	139.47 (4.24)^c	137.25 (5.20)^c	39.06***	2.28
BRIEF P behavior regulation	47.36 (2.05)^a	55.77 (1.98)^b	51.35 (2.42)^ab	45.04 (1.95)^ac	45.36 (2.05)^c	46.00 (2.31)^c	15.83***	0.97
BRIEF P metacognition	95.82 (2.50)^a	106.57 (2.42)^b	101.45 (2.96)^ab	87.75 (3.14)^c	89.33 (3.03)^c	91.25 (3.71)^c	50.20***	3.12
BRIEF P working memory	25.25 (0.63)^a	26.67 (0.61)^a	25.20 (0.75)^a	22.29 (0.86)^b	21.33 (0.83)^b	22.10 (1.02)^b	67.11***	3.04

Superscripts pertain to between-group (Cogmed WMT vs. stimulant medication vs. combined treatment on both assessment occasions separately) and within-group (pre- to post-treatment) differences; means not sharing similar superscripts differ at p < .05. ***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05

WMT working memory training, ADHD-Q ADHD-Questionnaire, SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, HI hyperactivity-inattention, BRIEF behavior rating inventory of executive functioning, P parent, T teacher, C child