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. 2018 Sep 6;11(9):1121–1135. doi: 10.1007/s11869-018-0613-1

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 10 — Urban background PM_2.5 concentrations for the base case and for the scenarios analysed in this study: sectoral (sec.) reductions and and spatial (spa.) reductions applied giving priority to combinations with decreasing (dec.) or increasing (inc.) values of η_p.s. The limit concentration value according to the AQD (25 μ g/m³ annual mean) and the WHO guidelines (10 μ g/m³ annual mean) are also reported as a reference. Values are scaled to the measured PM_2.5 concentration in each FUA, obtained between 2011 and 2016 (European Environment Agency (EEA) 2017)