Table 2. Baseline and procedural characteristics of patients readmitted within 30 days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
| Characteristic | OAC at Discharge (n = 143) | No OAC at Discharge (n = 549) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, mean ± SD) | 70.1 ± 12.2 | 67.5 ± 12.7 | 0.03 |
| Male | 100 (69.9) | 357 (65.0) | 0.27 |
| BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 29.3 ± 7.0 | 28.9 ± 6.5 | 0.53 |
| White | 132 (92.3) | 482 (87.8) | 0.13 |
| Hypertension | 124 (86.7) | 469 (85.4) | 0.70 |
| Dyslipidemia | 128 (89.5) | 516 (94.0) | 0.06 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 44 (30.8) | 227 (41.4) | 0.02 |
| Renal failure (currently on dialysis or creatinine > 2 mg/dL) | 18 (12.6) | 59 (10.8) | 0.53 |
| Current or recent smoker (within 1 year) | 20 (14.0) | 99 (18.0) | 0.25 |
| Family history of premature CAD | 21 (14.7) | 117 (21.3) | 0.08 |
| Prior MI | 56 (39.2) | 209 (38.1) | 0.81 |
| Prior PCI | 35 (24.5) | 182 (33.2) | 0.05 |
| Prior CABG | 30 (21.0) | 119 (21.7) | 0.86 |
| Prior valve surgery or procedure | 20 (14.0) | 14 (2.55) | <0.01 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 34 (23.8) | 94 (17.1) | 0.07 |
| Prior heart failure | 44 (30.8) | 131 (23.9) | 0.09 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 41 (28.7) | 123 (22.4) | 0.12 |
| Chronic lung disease | 29 (20.3) | 99 (18.0) | 0.54 |
| Insurance | |||
| Medicare | 85 (59.4) | 297 (54.1) | 0.25 |
| Medicaid | 8 (5.6) | 39 (7.1) | 0.52 |
| Private | 53 (37.1) | 211 (38.4) | 0.76 |
| None | 1 (0.7) | 13 (2.4) | 0.21 |
| Presentation type | |||
| Stable angina | 11 (7.7) | 60 (10.9) | 0.26 |
| Unstable angina | 33 (23.1) | 161 (29.3) | 0.14 |
| NSTEMI | 37 (25.9) | 163 (29.7) | 0.37 |
| STEMI | 37 (25.9) | 83 (15.1) | <0.01 |
| No symptoms / no angina |
19 (13.3) | 73 (13.3) | 1.00 |
| Symptoms unlikely to be ischemic |
6 (4.2) | 9 (1.6) | 0.06 |
| PCI status | |||
| Elective | 23 (16.1) | 110 (20.0) | 0.29 |
| Urgent | 77 (53.9) | 335 (61.0) | 0.12 |
| Emergency | 42 (29.4) | 102 (18.6) | <0.01 |
| Salvage | 1 (0.7) | 2 (0.4) | 0.59 |
| Cardiogenic shock within 24 hours | 9 (6.3) | 7 (1.3) | <0.01 |
| DES placed | 54 (37.8) | 320 (58.3) | <0.01 |
| Post-procedure complications | |||
| CVA | 1 (0.7) | 6 (1.1) | 0.68 |
| MI | 3 (2.1) | 21 (3.8) | 0.31 |
| Bleeding event | 23 (16.1) | 50 (9.1) | 0.02 |
| Non-access site bleeding |
18 (78.3) | 41 (82.0) | 0.05 |
| Access site bleeding |
5 (21.7) | 9 (18.0) | 0.16 |
| Length of stay (days, mean ± SD) |
7.5 ± 11.1 | 4.1 ± 6.0 | <0.01 |
| Indication for oral anticoagulation among readmitted patients | |||
| Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation |
68 (47.6) | — | — |
| Left ventricle thrombus |
19 (13.3) | — | — |
| Valvular atrial fibrillation |
13 (9.1) | — | — |
| Pulmonary embolus |
12 (8.4) | — | — |
| Deep vein thrombosis |
11 (7.7) | — | — |
| Left ventricle aneurysm |
11 (7.7) | — | — |
| Cardioembolic stroke |
9 (6.3) | — | — |
| Atrial flutter | 7 (4.9) | — | — |
| Hypercoagulable syndrome |
7 (4.9) | — | — |
| Valvular disease | 7 (4.9) | — | — |
| Other | 5 (3.5) | — | — |
| OAC at discharge from index PCI | |||
| Warfarin | 138 (96.5) | — | — |
| Rivaroxaban | 3 (2.1) | — | — |
| Apixaban | 1 (0.7) | — | |
| Dabigatran | 0 (0.0) | — | — |
| P2Y12 inhibitor at discharge from index PCI | |||
| Clopidogrel | 125 (87.4) | 479 (87.3) | 0.96 |
| Ticagrelor | 4 (2.8) | 30 (5.5) | 0.19 |
| Prasugrel | 1 (0.7) | 9 (1.6) | 0.40 |
Data are shown as n (%) except where otherwise noted. BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CAD, coronary artery disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; DES, drug eluting stent; MI, myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; OAC, oral anticoagulant; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SD, standard deviation; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.