Table 1. Characteristics of children with aberrant cholesterola.
| Characteristic | Males (n = 19) | Females (n = 19) | Pc |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 10 ± 1 (10) | 10 ± 1 (10) | - |
| Family historyb | |||
| High cholesterol | 8 (42%) | 8 (42%) | - |
| High blood pressure | 7 (37%) | 9 (47%) | - |
| Overweight | 8 (42%) | 8 (42%) | - |
| Diabetes | 5 (26%) | 5 (26%) | - |
| Mental illness | 6 (32%) | 5 (26%) | - |
| BMI percentileb | 0.9876 | ||
| Underweight | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Healthy weight | 8 (42%) | 8 (42%) | - |
| Overweight | 5 (26%) | 5 (26%) | - |
| Obese | 6 (32%) | 6 (32%) | - |
| Serum lipids | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 179.3 ± 24.4 (173) | 161.1 ± 15.7 (162) | 0.0080 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 117.8 ± 24.9 (113) | 94.4 ± 17.3 (92) | 0.0012 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL) | 44.5 ± 7.2 (44) | 43.4 ± 6.6 (44) | 0.7341 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 87.8 ± 34.9 (69) | 118.9 ± 40.3 (115) | 0.0268 |
| Vitamins | |||
| Vitamin A (μg/day) | 720.1 ± 399.7 (586.2) | 888.7 ± 589.5 (679.7) | 0.4835 |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 72.9 ± 73.4 (51.9) | 94.7 ± 64.3 (85.0) | 0.1290 |
| Vitamin D (μg/day) | 4.1 ± 2.4 (4.1) | 4.2 ± 2.9 (4.3) | 0.8839 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 1.3 ± 3.1 (0.5) | 2.1 ± 3.2 (0.8) | 0.0505 |
| Thiamine (Vitamin B1) (μg/day) | 1.1 ± 0.4 (1.1) | 1.0 ± 0.6 (1.0) | 0.4835 |
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (μg/day) | 1.5 ± 0.5 (1.4) | 1.4 ± 0.8 (1.5) | 0.7261 |
| Niacin (Vitamin B3) (mg/day) | 13.6 ± 6.0 (13.0) | 14.2 ± 7.1 (13.2) | 0.6827 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg/day) | 1.0 ± 0.4 (1.0) | 1.2 ± 0.6 (0.9) | 0.5992 |
| Folate (μg/day) | 258.5 ± 110.8 (249.1) | 246.3 ± 154.5 (209.1) | 0.5019 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg/day) | 3.2 ± 1.3 (3.1) | 3.0 ± 1.8 (2.6) | 0.5207 |
| Minerals | |||
| Zinc (mg/day) | 6.7 ± 2.2 (6.6) | 6.2 ± 3.4 (7.1) | 0.7481 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 1078.5 ± 714.5 (887.4) | 965.0 ± 281.2 (939.1) | 0.8495 |
| Potassium (mg/day) | 1593.7 ± 618.2 (1398.3) | 1755.0 ± 719.4 (1731.8) | 0.4655 |
| Sodium (mg/day) | 2656.4 ± 653.6 (2627.1) | 2887.1 ± 963.3 (2770.2) | 0.5207 |
| Iron (mg/day) | 10.9 ± 2.8 (10.7) | 10.5 ± 3.2 (10.1) | 0.6614 |
| Magnesium (mg/day) | 158.3 ± 61.3 (139.6) | 162.1 ± 77.3 (156.1) | 0.7927 |
| Selenium (μg/day) | 62.1 ± 32.8 (56.3) | 57.2 ± 34.9 (54.3) | 0.7927 |
| Fruit and vegetable intake | |||
| Fruits (cups/day) | 0.8 ± 0.8 (0.5) | 1.1 ± 0.7 (1) | 0.0659 |
| Vegetables (cups/day) | 0.9 ± 1.1 (0.5) | 1.1 ± 0.8 (1) | 0.1935 |
BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
aAll values are reported as average ± standard deviation (median), unless otherwise noted.
bValues are number of children (percentage).
cMann-Whitney U-test.