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. 2018 Sep 17;3(5):337–344. doi: 10.1002/lio2.180

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© 2018 The Authors. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Triological Society.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Polycomb complexes silence gene transcription via chromatin structure modulation. As schematized here, Polycomb proteins associate into multiprotein repressive complexes termed PRC1 and PRC2. Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) contains EZH2, which functions as a histone methyl transferase, along with SUZ12 and EED. PRC2 deposits a trimethylation mark at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3), which then attracts a canonical PRC1. The composition of PRC1 is variable and complex, suggesting that PRC1 composition affects function. The E3–ligase protein RING catalyzes monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub) to stabilize transcriptional repression. The experiments here investigate the expression and activity of PRC components in adult OE.