TABLE 4.

Bivariate Pearson (r) and Spearman (ρ) correlations between age, physical activity scores, adiposity, BMI, and habitual nutritional intake against 11 musculoskeletal characteristics¹

		Physical activity score						Nutrition
Muscle characteristics	Age	Work	Sport	Leisure	Global	Adiposity	BMI	DI score	Proanabolic score	Total energy
PF MVC (n = 50)	−0.22†	0.32*†	0.15†	−0.07†	0.18†	0.16†	0.31*†	−0.11†	−0.25†	0.34*†
PF MVC (corrected) (n = 50)	−0.19†	0.16†	0.07†	−0.05†	0.09†	0.20†	0.37**†	−0.08†	−0.23†	0.43**†
PF MVC/body mass (n = 50)	−0.24	0.26	0.2†	−0.05†	0.19	−0.47**	−0.37**	−0.03†	−0.13†	0.08
Muscle activation (n = 48)	−0.13†	0.34*†	0.18†	−0.10†	0.17†	−0.19†	−0.19†	0.02†	−0.13†	−0.05†
GM pennation angle (n = 47)	−0.42**	0.19	0.17†	−0.01†	0.13	0.51***	0.62***	−0.07†	−0.24†	0.31*
GM fascicle length (n = 47)	0.13	0.01	−0.19†	0.11†	0.01	−0.08	−0.07	0.09†	−0.06†	0.00
GM muscle volume (n = 47)	−0.49***	0.13	0.05†	−0.04†	0.10	0.33*	0.45**	−0.11†	−0.31*†	0.43**
GM PCSA (n = 44)	−0.49**	0.10	0.19†	−0.07†	0.08	0.34*	0.42**	−0.18†	−0.26†	0.42**
Tendon force (n = 46)	−0.32*	0.39**	0.08†	0.04†	0.23	0.11	0.33*	−0.14†	−0.25†	0.41**
GM fascicle force (n = 44)	−0.40**	0.45**	0.06†	0.06†	0.23	0.20	0.43**	−0.20†	−0.35*†	0.42**
GM specific force (n = 44)	0.08	0.30*	−0.09†	0.09†	0.07	−0.04	0.11	0.01†	−0.18†	0.12

^1†Spearman (ρ) correlations. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. DI, daily intake; GM, gastrocnemius medialis; MVC, maximum voluntary contraction; PCSA, physiological cross-sectional area; PF, plantar flexion.