Table 5.
Cataract prevalence and mean ORs calculated in scientific studies conducted in outdoor workers (OW) in the period of 1998 to 2017 (adapted from Modenese and Gobba, 2018) [77].
| Reference | Cataract Prevalence (%) | OR (95% CI) for Cataract and Occupational Exposure to Solar Radiation vs. No Occupational Exposure/Cataract Subtype Associated (If Investigated) | Notes/Other Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| [84] | 33.2 | No association | Higher education level vs. lower OR = 0.6 (0.4–0.9) |
| [85] | 40.4 | 0.9 n.s. | / |
| [86] | 40.1 | / | Significant higher prevalence in male OW |
| [61] | 25.4 | / | Prevalence in a group of quite young Indian salt workers |
| [87] | / | 1.8 (1.5–2.9) in urban context 5.9 (4.8–6.9) in rural context |
Unadjusted OR |
| [88] | 29.8 | /cortical | Prevalence in a group of French mountainers |
| [78] | / | /cortical | Longitudinal study: Relative Risk in laborers = 2.2 (1.03–4.9) |
| [79] | 36.8 | 2.9 (1.1–7.6)/nuclear | / |
| [80] | / | 3.7 (1.5–9.0)/nuclear | OR 3.2 (1.2–8.2) when considering the use of protective equipment |
| [81] | 36.3 | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | / |
| [89] | / | / | OR 5.33 (1.7–16.7) for OW with catarct and polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase M1 gene vs. OW from the control group and same gene expression |
| [82] | / | 1.8 (1.1–2.8)/nuclear 2.8 (1.4–5.7)/posterior subcapsular |
/ |
| [90] | / | 2.75 (1.5–4.5). | Unadjusted OR |
| [83] | 25.8–37.2 | 2.6 (1.45–4.67) | / |
| [91] | / | / | OR 2.7 (1.2–6.3) for OW with cataract and NQO1 C609T gene polymorphism vs. OW from control group without the polymorphism |
n.s. = not significant; OR = odds ratio; OW = outdoor workers.