Table 3.
Daily energy and nutrient intake of the examined children compared with recommended daily intake.
| Parameter | Children with Obesity n = 40 | Normal-Weight Children n = 40 | p-Value | EER or EAR * (Years, Intake) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal/24h) | 1742 (1569–1923) | 1500 (1254–1580) | <0.001 | 4–6 years, 1400; 7–9 years, 1800 |
| {1290–3905} | {1180–2157} | |||
| Energy (% of EER) | 99.2 (92.4–115.9) | 86.3 (78.5–103.2) | <0.001 | |
| {73.3–216.9} | {66.7–119.8} | |||
| Proteins (% of energy intake) | 14.5 ± 2.4 | 13.6 ± 1.9 | 0.147 | 4–18 years, 10–20 |
| {9.6–21.2} | {10.0–19.6} | |||
| Carbohydrates (% of energy intake) | 53.5 ± 6.1 | 53.2 ± 7.6 | 0.201 | 4–18 years, 45–65 |
| {34.6–62.2} | {30.4–60.8} | |||
| Fat (% of energy intake) | 32.0 ± 5.9 | 32.0 ± 6.3 | 0.724 | 4–18 years, 20–35 |
| {21.7–46.2} | {19.5–39.3} | |||
| Iron (mg/day) | 9.00 (7.84–10.20) | 7.70 (6.90–8.90) | 0.005 | 4–6 years, 4; 7–9 years, 4 |
| {5.07–19.1} | {6.1–12.4} | |||
| Iron (% of EAR) | 225.0 (195.9–255.0) | 192.5 (172.5–221.2) | 0.010 | |
| {126.8–477.5} | {152.5–310.0} | |||
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 86.5 ± 45.5 | 65.7 ± 24.0 | 0.010 | 4–6 years, 40; 7–9 years, 40 |
| {29.2–200.0} | {29.4–126.3} | |||
| Vitamin C (% of EAR) | 199.8 (135.6–246.6) | 151.4 (120.3–190.0) | 0.025 | |
| {73.0–500.0} | {73.5–315.8} | |||
| Vitamin B12 (µg/day) | 2.22 (1.65–2.96) | 1.80 (1.70–2.10) | 0.134 | 4–6 years, 1.0; 7–9 years, 1.5 |
| {1.01–7.20} | {1.00–7.05} | |||
| Vitamin B12 (% of EAR) | 184.0 (115.3–223.4) | 160.0 (130.8–197.5) | 0.694 | |
| {67.3–480.0} | {90.0–470.0} |
The results are presented as means ± standard deviations for normally distributed data or medians and interquartile ranges (25th–75th percentiles) for non-normally distributed variables, and as {minimum-maximum} % of EER—percentage of Estimated Energy Requirement, % of EAR—percentage of Estimated Average Requirement. * The data are presented as recommended daily energy and nutrient intake according to Jarosz et al. [32].