Table 5.

Differences in muscle strength based on the first and third tertiles of rectus femoris echogenicity and mid-thigh intra- and intermuscular adipose tissue estimates.

		Peak Grip Force		Peak Knee Extensor Torque
		0°/s (kg)	Adj. 0°/s	60°/s (Nm)	Adj. 60°/s	180°/s (Nm)	Adj. 180°/s
IMAT: 1st and 3rd tertiles (df = 19)
<15.7%	Mean ± SD	40.3 ± 4.8	0.54 ± 0.07	194.2 ± 53.9	0.61 ± 0.14	129.7 ± 48.4	0.40 ± 0.12
≥20.0%		36.6 ± 9.9	0.44 ± 0.10	166.3 ± 61.4	0.49 ± 0.16	99.2 ± 40.3	0.29 ± 0.11
	MD 95% CI	−3.4–10.6	0.02–0.18	−24.7–80.6	0.01–0.26	−10.5–71.36	0.01–0.22
	SE	3.4	0.04	25.2	0.07	19.6	0.05
	t	1.09	2.63	1.11	1.90	1.56	2.21
	p-value	0.290	0.016 *	0.281	0.076	0.136	0.040 *
Echo: 1st and 3rd tertiles (df = 18)
<28.77	Mean ± SD	45.4 ± 7.0	0.55 ± 0.08	224.7 ± 56.1	0.64 ± 0.07	153.3 ± 53.0	0.43 ± 0.11
≥34.54		36.4 ± 8.2	0.46 ± 0.09	153.3 ± 59.0	0.47 ± 0.18	98.7 ± 34.0	0.31 ± 0.11
	MD 95% CI	1.9–16.2	0.01–0.17	17.3–125.4	0.04–0.32	7.2–92.0	0.02–0.22
	SE	3.4	0.04	25.7	0.06	20.2	0.05
	t	2.64	2.43	2.77	2.94	2.46	2.50
	p-value	0.016 *	0.026 *	0.013 *	0.012 *	0.024 *	0.022 *

¹ All strength values reported for the dominant limb with the adjusted values scaled for body weight; * p < 0.05. IMAT, intra- and intermuscular adipose tissue; Echo, echogenicity; Adj., adjusted; Ext., extensors. ^a Echogenicity obtained from the rectus femoris of the dominant limb and measured via grayscale histogram analysis. ^b IMAT values derived from computed tomography attenuation at the mid-thigh of the dominant limb; log transformed data used in the analysis.