Table 1.
Demographic, comorbidities, and medication used among four study groups.
| Apixaban (n = 5843) | Rivaroxaban (n = 27,777) | Dabagatran (n = 20,079) | Warfarin (n = 19,375) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (year) | 76 ± 10 | 75 ± 10 | 75 ± 10 | 71 ± 13 | <0.0001 |
| Male gender | 3214 (55.01%) | 15,374 (55.35%) | 12,061 (60.07%) | 11,221 (57.91%) | <0.0001 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 3.89 ± 1.56 | 3.83 ± 1.57 | 3.74 ± 1.52 | 3.26 ± 1.81 | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Hypertension | 5055 (86.51%) | 23,766 (85.56%) | 16,863 (83.98%) | 15,099 (77.93%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2389 (40.89%) | 10,752 (38.71%) | 7647 (38.08%) | 6948 (35.86%) | <0.0001 |
| PAOD | 4 (0.07%) | 19 (0.07%) | 11 (0.05%) | 16 (0.08%) | 0.7736 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 733 (12.54%) | 3399 (12.24%) | 1961 (9.77%) | 2098 (10.83%) | <0.0001 |
| PCI | 415 (7.1%) | 1750 (6.3%) | 916 (4.56%) | 1051 (5.42%) | <0.0001 |
| CABG | 31 (0.53%) | 104 (0.37%) | 40 (0.2%) | 143 (0.74%) | <0.0001 |
| Heart failure | 735 (12.58%) | 3582 (12.9%) | 2172 (10.82%) | 2699 (13.93%) | <0.0001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1671 (28.6%) | 6786 (24.43%) | 3922 (19.53%) | 4702 (24.27%) | <0.0001 |
| Chronic liver disease | 929 (15.9%) | 4421 (15.92%) | 2831 (14.1%) | 3048 (15.73%) | <0.0001 |
| TIA | 167 (2.86%) | 667 (2.4%) | 573 (2.85%) | 344 (1.78%) | <0.0001 |
| Stroke | 1173 (20.08%) | 5675 (20.43%) | 4778 (23.8%) | 2936 (15.15%) | <0.0001 |
| History of bleeding | 113 (1.93%) | 644 (2.32%) | 415 (2.07%) | 451 (2.33%) | 0.0841 |
| Medication used | |||||
| NSAID | 1556 (26.63%) | 6657 (23.97%) | 4401 (21.92%) | 4792 (24.73%) | <0.0001 |
| Anti-platelets | 3231 (55.3%) | 15,450 (55.62%) | 10,906 (54.32%) | 11,907 (61.46%) | <0.0001 |
| H2 blocker | 1810 (30.98%) | 8175 (29.43%) | 5772 (28.75%) | 6200 (32%) | <0.0001 |
| PPI | 655 (11.21%) | 2906 (10.46%) | 1654 (8.24%) | 2421 (12.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Amiodarone | 1649 (28.22%) | 7370 (26.53%) | 4498 (22.4%) | 7472 (38.57%) | <0.0001 |
| Beta-blocker | 3451 (59.06%) | 15,782 (56.82%) | 10,839 (53.98%) | 11,824 (61.03%) | <0.0001 |
| Statin | 229 (3.92%) | 3949 (14.22%) | 4101 (20.42%) | 3322 (17.15%) | <0.0001 |
PAOD = peripheral arterial occlusive disease, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG = coronary artery bypass graft, TIA = transient ischemic attack, NSAID = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, PPI = proton pump inhibitor.