Table 4.
Associations between local food environment and odds of infrequent vegetable consumption (<7 days/week) among adults in Hong Kong with binary logistic regression models.
| Quartile (Min–Max) | Model 1 a | Model 2 b | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Retail Food Environment Index (RFEI) | Q1 (<2.25) | Ref | Ref |
| Q2 (2.25–3.40) | 1.11 (0.70, 1.74) | 1.26 (0.79, 2.02) | |
| Q3 (3.40–5.76) | 1.26 (0.81, 1.96) | 1.39 (0.88, 2.20) | |
| Q4 (> 5.76) | 1.52 (0.99, 2.33) | 1.72 (1.11, 2.68) * | |
| Density of grocery stores | Q1 (<20) | Ref | Ref |
| Q2 (20–44) | 1.14 (0.75, 1.73) | 0.99 (0.64, 1.55) | |
| Q3 (44–60) | 0.89 (0.57, 1.40) | 0.77 (0.48, 1.24) | |
| Q4 (>60) | 1.05 (0.69, 1.61) | 0.90 (0.58, 1.42) | |
| Density of convenient stores | Q1 (<58) | Ref | Ref |
| Q2 (58–100) | 1.07 (0.68, 1.68) | 0.98 (0.61, 1.57) | |
| Q3 (100–222) | 1.28 (0.83, 1.97) | 1.23 (0.79, 1.92) | |
| Q4 (>222) | 1.39 (0.91, 2.12) | 1.32 (0.85, 2.06) | |
| Density of Fast-food restaurants | Q1 (<13) | Ref | Ref |
| Q2 (13–25) | 1.17 (0.76, 1.79) | 0.94 (0.60, 1.48) | |
| Q3 (25–53) | 1.19 (0.78, 1.81) | 1.11 (0.71, 1.73) | |
| Q4 (>53) | 1.12 (0.73, 1.70) | 1.03 (0.66, 1.61) |
Density of food outlets was calculated by the number of target food outlet within 1000 m Euclidean buffer of the respondent’s home. All food environment measures were divided into quartiles; * p < 0.05; a Model 1 is an unadjusted model; b Model 2 adjusts for significant covariates: age, gender, marital status, house type, self-reported poverty level, birth place, and whether having under school age children. Ref: reference category.