| Search of PubMed—last performed 4 June 2018 | |
| #1 | infant (n = 1,119,189) |
| #2 | infants (n = 1,159,867) |
| #3 | preterm (n = 62,246) |
| #4 | premature (n = 170,785) |
| #5 | pain (n = 733,273) |
| #6 | relief (n = 84,761) |
| #6 | acupuncture (n = 28,139) |
| #7 | skin-to-skin care (n = 47,999) |
| #8 | non-nutritive sucking (n = 367) |
| #9 | sucrose (n = 74,579) |
| #10 | massage (n = 13,982) |
| #11 | music (n = 22,562) |
| #12 | breastfeeding (n = 49,518) |
| #13 | non-pharmacological (n = 6513) |
| Search of Google Scholar—last performed 4 June 2018 | |
| #1 | infant (n = 3,220,000) |
| #2 | infants (n = 2,080,000) |
| #3 | preterm (n = 1,010,000) |
| #4 | premature (n = 2,840,000) |
| #5 | pain (n = 3,770,000) |
| #6 | relief (n = 2,390,000) |
| #6 | acupuncture (n = 592,000) |
| #7 | skin-to-skin care (n = 3,820,000) |
| #8 | non-nutritive sucking (n = 21,900) |
| #9 | sucrose (n = 2,640,000) |
| #10 | massage (n = 773,000) |
| #11 | music (n = 3,770,000) |
| #12 | breastfeeding (n = 649,000) |
| #13 | non-pharmacological (n = 2,540,000) |