Table 5.
The risk factors associated with of new onset DM a.
| Risk Factor | Study Patients (N = 11140) | Comparison Cohort (N = 8912) | ESRD Dialysis Cohort (N = 2228) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aHR b (95% CI) | p Value | aHR b (95% CI) | p Value | aHR b (95% CI) | p Value | |
| ESRD dialysis | 0.56 (0.46–0.69) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — |
| Age | — | — | — | — | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | 0.0009 |
| Gender, Male | 0.9 (0.79–1.02) | 0.11 | — | — | — | — |
| Geographic location | ||||||
| Northern Taiwan | — | — | 1 (reference) | — | — | |
| Central Taiwan | — | — | 1.15 (0.95–1.39) | 0.14 | — | — |
| Southern Taiwan | — | — | 1.23 (1.05–1.43) | 0.008 | — | — |
| Eastern Taiwan and islands | — | — | 1.02 (0.65–1.61) | 0.92 | — | — |
| Monthly income | — | — | — | — | 1.13 (0.98–1.29) | 0.09 |
| Hypertension | 1.95 (1.62–2.35) | <0.0001 | 2.12 (1.74–2.59) | <0.0001 | ||
| Gout | 1.36 (1.15–1.6) | 0.0002 | 1.32 (1.11–1.56) | 0.0015 | 1.44 (0.93–2.23) | 0.1 |
| Analgesic drugs other than NSAIDs | 0.81 (0.63–1.04) | 0.09 | 0.78 (0.6–1.03) | 0.08 | — | — |
| statin | 1.27 (1.06–1.52) | 0.009 | 1.34 (1.11–1.62) | 0.0026 | — | — |
| Anti-hypertensive drugs | — | — | — | — | 0.71 (0.47–1.06) | 0.09 |
Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval. a only the variables with a p value < 0.15 were listed. b Adjusted for all variables in Table 1 by Cox proportional hazard model with Fine and Grey’s method to consider death as a competing risk.