Table 1.
Modifying factor scoring for ART welding fume exposure model.
| MFs of ART for Welding Fume Classification | Multiplier | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Substance Emission Potential [E] | |||
| Welding Process Type (PRO) | Arc Welding | [27,28,64] | |
| -Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW) | 1.0 | ||
| -Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) | 0.8 | ||
| -Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) | 0.4 | ||
| -Plasma Arc Welding (PAW) | 0.1 | ||
| -Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) | 0.03 | ||
| -Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) | 0.01 | ||
| Gas Welding | 0.4 | ||
| Laser Beam Welding | 0.02 | ||
| Welding Electrode (ELT) | Non-stainless Steel | 1.0 | [56] |
| Stainless Steel | 0.8 | ||
| Shielding Gas (GAS) | CO2 | 1.0 | [47,57] |
| Ar/He-based Mixture | |||
| -with 18% CO2 | 0.7 | ||
| -with 12% CO2 | 0.6 | ||
| -with 10% CO2 | 0.5 | ||
| -with 6% CO2 | 0.5 | ||
| -with 5% CO2 | 0.5 | ||
| Activity Emission Potential [H] | |||
| Current (CUR) | >230 A | 1.0 | [46,50] |
| 120–230 A | 0.7 | ||
| <120 A | 0.3 | ||
| Voltage (VOT) | >30 V | 1.0 | [46] |
| 22–30 V | 0.7 | ||
| <22 V | 0.3 | ||