Table 2.
Demographic and rliniral characteristics of natients still infected with hepatitis C virus in 2016 a by Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study site
| CHeCS Study Site |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Overall N = 8906 (Column%) | Portland, OR n = 2633 (29.6%) | Honolulu, HI n = 969 (10.9%) | Detroit, MI n = 3158 (35.4%) | Danville, PA n = 2146 (24.1%) |
| Age (median on 1/1/16) | 58.8 | 58.8 | 61.0 | 61.4 | 49.9 |
| Birth year | |||||
| 1965 through 1984 | 2294 (25.8) | 573 (21.8) | 114(11.8) | 475 (15.0) | 1132 (52.7) |
| 1945 through 1964 | 6062 (68.1) | 1949 (74.0) | 779 (80.4) | 2365 (74.9) | 969 (45.2) |
| Birth year ≤1944 | 550 (6.2) | 111 (4.2) | 76 (7.8) | 318 (10.1) | 45 (2.1) |
| Male | 5108 (57.4) | 1556 (59.1) | 610 (63.0) | 1867 (59.1) | 1075 (50.1) |
| Previous treatment attemptb | |||||
| Yes | 3963 (44.5) | 945 (35.9) | 466 (48.1) | 1430 (45.3) | 1122 (52.3) |
| No | 4943 (55.5) | 1688 (64.1) | 503 (51.9) | 1728 (54.7) | 1024 (47.7) |
| Genotype distribution | |||||
| Genotype 1 | 4010 (77.2) | 980 (69.7) | 533 (74.5) | 1735 (84.6) | 762 (74.8) |
| Genotype 2 | 565 (10.9) | 219 (15.6) | 94 (13.1) | 135 (6.6) | 117 (11.5) |
| Genotype 3 | 498 (9.6) | 176 (12.5) | 79 (11.0) | 146 (7.1) | 97 (9.5) |
| Genotype 4, 5, or 6 | 97 (1.9) | 30 (2.1) | 8 (1.1) | 33 (1.6) | 26 (2.6) |
| Genotype mixed | 22 (0.4) | 2(0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 17 (1.7) |
| Had liver biopsy during 2004–15 | 1764(19.8) | 741 (28.1) | 226 (23.3) | 418 (13.2) | 379 (17.7) |
| Latest biopsy stage distributionc | |||||
| Metavir F0/1 | 724(45.5) | 248 (34.8) | 60 (28.3) | 201 (57.8) | 215 (67.4) |
| Metavir F2 | 518 (32.6) | 332 (46.6) | 68 (32.1) | 85 (24.4) | 33 (10.3) |
| Metavir F3 | 186 (11.7) | 91 (12.8) | 42 (19.8) | 35 (10.1) | 18 (5.6) |
| Metavir F4 | 163 (10.2) | 41 (5.8) | 42 (19.8) | 27 (7.8) | 53 (16.6) |
| Latest FIB-4, score category11,12,d during 2004–2015 | |||||
| <1.6 | 4005 (49.2) | 1088 (46.1) | 359 (41.1) | 1204 (42.4) | 1354 (65.8) |
| 1.6–2.5 | 1855 (22.8) | 630 (26.7) | 224 (25.6) | 712 (25.1) | 289 (14.0) |
| 2.5 to <3.25 | 720 (8.9) | 194 (8.2) | 94 (10.8) | 306 (10.8) | 126 (6.1) |
| ≥3.25 | 1554(19.1) | 450 (19.1) | 197 (22.5) | 618 (21.8) | 289 (14.0) |
| Latest APRI score category11,12,e during 2004–2015 | |||||
| <1.5 | 6852 (82.3) | 1971 (82.2) | 710 (80.2) | 2362 (79.4) | 1809 (87.3) |
| ≥1.5 | 1476 (17.7) | 426 (17.8) | 175 (19.8) | 611 (20.6) | 264(12.7) |
| Viral load from latest testf | |||||
| <1.5 million | 2249 (54.0) | 378 (39.6) | 306 (61.3) | 813 (52.9) | 752 (63.9) |
| >1.5 to <6 million | 1192 (28.6) | 312 (32.7) | 132 (26.5) | 453 (29.5) | 295 (25.1) |
| ≥6 million | 726 (17.4) | 265 (27.7) | 61 (12.2) | 271 (17.6) | 129 (11.0) |
| Decompensated cirrhosis or portal hypertensiong | |||||
| Yes | 612 (6.9) | 183 (7.0) | 70 (7.2) | 237 (7.5) | 122 (5.7) |
| No | 8294 (93.1) | 2450 (93.0) | 899 (92.8) | 2921 (92.5) | 2024 (94.3) |
| HCCh | |||||
| Yes | 115 (1.3) | 35 (1.3) | 12 (1.2) | 50 (1.6) | 18 (0.8) |
| No | 8791 (98.7) | 2598 (98.7) | 957 (98.8) | 3108 (98.4) | 2128 (99.2) |
| Platelet count below normali | |||||
| Yes | 1872 (21.6) | 466 (18.3) | 167 (17.8) | 827 (27.0) | 412 (19.5) |
| No | 6790 (78.4) | 2079 (81.7) | 772 (82.2) | 2240 (73.0) | 1699 (80.5) |
| HIV coinfection | 293 (3.3) | 65 (2.5) | 17 (1.8) | 150 (4.7) | 61 (2.8) |
| Ever had hepatitis B surface antigen or HBV DNA test | 5847 (74.4) | 1682 (72.8) | 708 (85.9) | 2007 (71.7) | 1450 (75.1) |
| Among those tested, one or more tests positive | 94(1.3) | 25(1.5) | 2 (0.2) | 38 (1.9) | 29 (2.0) |
| Charlson comorbidity score (excluding liver diseases)j | |||||
| 0 | 5824 (65.4) | 1710 (64.9) | 652 (67.3) | 1969 (62.3) | 1493 (69.6) |
| 1 | 1347 (15.1) | 445 (16.9) | 153 (15.8) | 409 (13.0) | 340 (15.8) |
| 2 or more | 1735 (19.5) | 478 (18.2) | 164(16.9) | 780 (24.7) | 313 (14.6) |
Among patients alive but without documented liver transplant or SVR as of January 1, 2015.
Treatment defined as having been prescribed at least 1 day of antiviral therapy.
Biopsy reports from different scoring systems (International Association for the Study of the Liver, Batts-Ludwig, Metavir, Ishak, Knodell, Scheuer) were mapped to an F0-F4 equivalency scale and ranked as follows: F0, no fibrosis; F1, portal fibrosis without septa; F2, portal fibrosis with few septa; F3, numerous septa without cirrhosis; and F4, cirrhosis.1
Among 8928 (93%) patients with available laboratory data for calculation of FIB-4, excluding laboratory results during hospitalization.
AST/platelet ratio, calculated among 8829 (93%) patients with available same-day AST and platelet count data, excluding laboratory results during hospitalization.
Among 6631 (70%) patients with available viral load data.
The development of decompensated cirrhosis was ascertained based on the presence of an ICD-9 diagnosis or procedure codes in the following groups: hepatic encephalopathy (572.2), portal hypertension (572.3, 37140, 37160, 37180, 37181, 37182, 37183), esophageal varices with bleeding (456.0, 456.20, 42.91, 44.91, 96.06, 43204, 43205, 43243, 43244, 43400, 43401), ascites (789.5, 789.59, 54.91, 49080, 49081), liver failure with hepato-renal syndrome (572.4).
Primary HCC as determined from validated tumor registry reports.27
Among 9289 (97%) patients with available platelet count data.
Calculated from standard diagnosis codes, while omitting liver diseases in inpatient, outpatient, and claims data5 during the last 2 y of observation before January 1, 2015.