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. 2018 Oct 23;9:2437. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02437

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Copyright © 2018 Song, Lang, Zhao, Guo and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TLRs and transcription factors in THP-1 cells induced by L. crispatus. (A) L. crispatus enhanced TLR2 and TLR6 expression in THP-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. TLR1, 2, 4 and 6 were detected by flow cytometry after treated with L. crispatus, E. coli DH5α at the ratio of 1: 0, 1: 100, 1: 300, and 1: 500 or PGN from L. crispatus at 1 mg/ml. (B) Comparisons of the protein levels of PU.1, TAL1, TIF1γ, and POLR2A in THP-1 cells induced by L. crispatus and E. coli DH5α. (C) Roadmap for this study. L. crispatus might be recognized by TLR2 and TLR6 in THP-1 cells and then activate the related TFs of the GM-CSF with IL-15 or IL-4 and TGF-β₁ signaling pathways, which can ultimately lead to CD207 expression.