Table 1.

Overview of the human cancer types treated with retinoids in clinical studies

Type of cancer	Retinoid	Type of treatment	Reference
Acute myeloid leukemia	ATRA	Trial Phase III	[101]
Acute promyelocytic leukemia	ATRA	Trial Phase IV	[8]
B-cell lymphoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[102]
Breast carcinoma	ATRA	Observational study	[103]
Cervical carcinoma	13-cis-RA	Trial Phase II	[104]
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma	Bexarotene	Trial Phase II-III	[105]
Ewing’s sarcoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase I	[106]
	13-cis-RA	Observational study	[107]
Glioblastoma multiforme	13-cis-RA	Trial Phase II	[108]
Gliomas	13-cis-RA	Trial Phase III	[109]
	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[110]
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Polyprenoic acid	Observational study	[111]
Mantle cell lymphoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[102]
Medulloblastoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase I	[106]
	13-cis-RA	Observational study	[107]
Multiple myeloma	ATRA	Trial Phase II	[112]
Neuroblastoma	13-cis-RA	Observational study	[107]
		Trial Phase I	[9]
	Fenretinide	Trial Phase I	[106]
Non-small lung cancer	ATRA	Trial Phase II	[113]
Osteosarcoma	13-cis-RA	Observational study	[107]
	Fenretinide	Trial Phase I	[106]
Ovarian carcinoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[114]
Pancreatic carcinoma	ATRA	Trial Phase I	[115]
Papillary thyroid cancer	13-cis-RA	Observational study	[116]
Prostate carcinoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[117]
Renal carcinoma	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[118]
Small cell lung cancer	Fenretinide	Trial Phase II	[119]
Squamous cell carcinoma	13-cis-RA	Case series trial	[120]
T-cell malignancies	13-cis-RA	Phase II	[121]
Wilm’s tumor	Fenretinide	Phase I	[106]