Table 1.
Baseline variables according to iron deficiency
| Variables | Overall N = 1684 | No ID N = 786 | ID N = 898 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 72 (61–79) | 70 (58–78) | 73 (63–79) | < 0.0001 |
| Female gender | 588 (35) | 207 (26) | 381 (42) | < 0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 (24–30) | 30 (27–34) | 31 (27–36) | 0.011 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 120 (108–139) | 118 (105–133) | 125 (110–140) | < 0.0001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 70 (62–80) | 70 (60–80) | 70 (62–80) | 0.398 |
| NYHA Class III-IV | 592 (35) | 218 (28) | 374 (42) | < 0.0001 |
| LVEF (%) | 35 (27–50) | 35 (27–48) | 36 (28–53) | 0.032 |
| HFPEF | 428 (25) | 182 (23) | 246 (27) | 0.046 |
| Ischaemic aetiology | 738 (44) | 331 (42) | 407 (45) | 0.185 |
| Hypertension | 1136 (68) | 492 (63) | 644 (72) | < 0.0001 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 639 (38) | 262 (33) | 377 (42) | < 0.0001 |
| COPD | 318 (19) | 158 (20) | 160 (18) | 0.232 |
| Treatment | ||||
| ACE-I or ARB | 1457 (87) | 695 (89) | 762 (85) | 0.019 |
| Beta blockers | 1474 (88) | 690 (88) | 784 (87) | 0.766 |
| MRAs | 716 (43) | 357 (45) | 359 (40) | 0.024 |
| Digoxin | 395 (23) | 184 (23) | 211 (24) | 0.966 |
| Oral anticoagulation | 755 (45) | 356 (45) | 399 (44) | 0.723 |
| Antiplatelet | 879 (52) | 412 (52) | 467 (52) | 0.884 |
| Diuretics | 1458 (87) | 661 (84) | 797 (89) | 0.001 |
| ICD | 136 (8) | 64 (8) | 72 (8) | 0.933 |
| Resynchronization | 77 (5) | 35 (5) | 42 (5) | 0.826 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.0 (11.7–14.3) | 13.4 (12.0–14.7) | 12.7 (11.5–13.9) | < 0.0001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 53 (37–71) | 56 (38–75) | 52 (36–68) | 0.032 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 155 (72–276) | 276 (172–435) | 76 (43–141) | < 0.0001 |
| Transferrin (mg/dL) | 261 (224–313) | 245 (213–288) | 276 (239–330) | < 0.0001 |
| Serum iron (ug/dL) | 73 (51–99) | 90 (71–116) | 59 (44–79) | < 0.0001 |
| TSAT (%) | 20 (15–28) | 26 (22–34) | 16 (12–19) | < 0.0001 |
| NTproBNP (ng/L) | 1355 (536–3171) | 1111 (488–2747) | 1584 (609–3597) | < 0.0001 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 140 (138–142) | 140 (138–142) | 140 (138–142) | 0.011 |
Continuous variables are expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical variables are expressed as number and percentage
ID Iron deficiency, BMI Body mass index, NYHA New York Heart Association, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, HFPEF Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ACE-I Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB Angiotensin II receptor blocker, MRA Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, ICD Implantable cardioverter defibrillator, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, TSAT Transferrin saturation, NTproBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide