. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Learn Disabil. 2018 May 21;52(1):15–30. doi: 10.1177/0022219418775115

Table 3.

Zero-Order, Partial Correlations, and Changes in r² between Untimed and Timed Outcome Variables after Controlling for Cognitive Predictor Variables

	r	r²	PA			Numerosity			WM			PS

			pr	pr²	Change in r²	pr	pr²	Change in r²	pr	pr²	Change in r²	pr	pr²	Change in r²

Untimed
Reading & Math	0.41^***	0.17	0.27^***	0.07	−0.10	0.39^***	0.15	−0.02	0.28^***	0.08	−0.09	0.38^***	0.14	−0.03
Reading & Inattention	0.45^***	0.21	0.31^***	0.09	−0.11	0.43^***	0.19	−0.02	0.31^***	0.09	−0.11	0.40^***	0.16	−0.05
Math & Inattention	0.44^***	0.20	0.35^***	0.13	−0.07	0.39^***	0.15	−0.04	0.33^***	0.11	−0.09	0.40^***	0.16	−0.04
Timed
Reading & Math	0.29^***	0.08	0.12	0.01	−0.07	0.28^***	0.08	−0.01	0.18^**	0.03	−0.05	0.24^***	0.06	−0.03
Reading & Inattention	0.44^***	0.19	0.32^***	0.10	−0.09	0.43^***	0.19	0.00	0.30^***	0.09	−0.10	0.38^***	0.15	−0.04
Math & Inattention	0.40^***	0.16	0.28^***	0.08	−0.08	0.35^***	0.12	−0.04	0.30^***	0.09	−0.07	0.34^***	0.11	−0.05

Note.

p < 0.05,

^**

p < 0.01,

^***

p < 0.001.

r = correlation; r² = squared correlation, or proportion of variance shared; pr = partial correlation; pr² = squared partial correlation, or proportion of variance shared after controlling for cognitive predictor variable; Change in r² = difference between r² and pr² (pr² – r²), or proportion of shared variance accounted for by cognitive predictor variable