Table 1.

Physiological parameters measured at different times during SBC within groups in rabbits

	Baseline	Cooling
	1–60 min	30 min	1 h	2 h
Brain temperature (°C)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	38.2 ± 0.7	35.2 ± 0.7*	34.5 ± 0.9*	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	37.8 ± 0.4	35.4 ± 0.9*	33.2 ± 1.2*	32.1 ± 1.7*
SaO2 (%)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	100	100	100	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	100	100	100	100.0
cNa+ (mmol/L)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	141 ± 3	142 ± 2	142 ± 3	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	144 ± 2	142 ± 1	141 ± 1	141 ± 2
cK+ (mmol/L)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	3.4 ± 0.3	3.5 ± 0.2	3.7 ± 0.1	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	4.4 ± 0.2	4.5 ± 0.5	4.6 ± 0.3	5.1 ± 0.3*
cCa2+ (mmol/L)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	1.2 ± 0.1	1.0 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.1	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	1.1 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.1	1.2 ± 0.1	1.2 ± 0.1
cCl − (mmol/L)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	102 ± 2	104 ± 2	102 ± 2	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	110 ± 3	104 ± 3	103 ± 1	108 ± 2
MAP (mmHg)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	37 ± 6	34 ± 6	30 ± 5*	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	35 ± 4	32 ± 7	27 ± 6*	25 ± 6*
HR (bpm)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	272 ± 20	250 ± 14*	226 ± 16*	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	275 ± 11	247 ± 18*	215 ± 20*	204 ± 15*
pH
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	7.4 ± 0.1	7.4 ± 0.1	7.4 ± 0.1	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	7.4 ± 0.1	7.3 ± 0.1	7.3 ± 0.1	7.3 ± 0.1
tHb (g/dL)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	11.1 ± 1.0	12.2 ± 0.8	12.5 ± 1.0	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	12.4 ± 1.0	12.1 ± 0.3	12.4 ± 0.9	12.6 ± 0.7
paCO2 (mmHg)
Group I: 14–15 L/min at RT	38 ± 2	40 ± 2	37 ± 2	N/A
Group II: 14–15 L/min at − 7 °C	37 ± 2	39 ± 3	40 ± 1	41 ± 2

SaO₂ oxygen saturation, MAP mean arterial blood pressure, HR heart rate, tHb total hemoglobin in blood, P_aCO₂ arterial oxygen partial pressure, cNa⁺ sodium concentration, cK⁺ potassium concentration, cCa²⁺ calcium concentration, cCl⁻ chloride concentration, RT room temperature (21 °C ± 1 °C), N/A not available

*A statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference compared to the baseline