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. 2018 Nov 1;8:16185. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33450-7

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Maximum contraction amplitudes, averaged per condition and light stimulus for the rod-weighted protocol (scotopic; left) and cone weighted protocol (photopic; right). Red and blue filled circles depict averages for Halley VI and white filled triangles indicate results from Concordia (mean ± SEM). The cyan background indicates the weeks with direct sunlight (the data points are centered to the middle of each month), and the dark background is the period without direct sunlight. Within this period without direct sunlight, the black background indicates complete absence of sunlight (nautical/astronomical twilight) and the dark gray background indicates civil twilight (see legend of Supplemental Fig. S1 for definitions of civil, nautical and astronomical twilight).