Fig. 1.

TRPV4, KRAS and FGFR1 mutations drive central and peripheral giant cell lesions of the jaw (GCLJ). a Clinical image of an aggressive central GCLJ showing a large destructive bone lesion occurring in anterior mandible (left). Histologically, the lesion is composed of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells intermingled with oval to spindle-shaped mononuclear cells in a hemorrhagic stroma. Clinical image of a peripheral exophytic GCLJ (right). Histologically, the lesion is similar to that the central form. b Summary of TRPV4, KRAS, and FGFR1 mutations identified in GCLJ. c Spectrum of TRPV4, KRAS, and FGFR1 mutations in all GCLJ (left), central GCLJ, showing TRPV4 mutations are exclusive to this form (middle), and peripheral GCLJ (right)