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. 2018 Nov 1;8:16173. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34571-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Analysis of the percentages of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria in 24-wk-old TSOD mice that were treated with coffee or its components and in age-matched TSNO mice. Comparison of the percentages of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Boxes show the interquartile ranges of the first and third quartiles; medians are shown by the lines in the boxes. If no error bars are shown, the experimental error was smaller than the symbol. *FDR adjusted Q < 0.05 versus non-treated TSOD, TSOD + caffeine and TSOD + coffee mice.