H. pylori SS1 forms robust biofilms after 3 days of growth in BB2. H. pylori strain SS1 was grown in the indicated media, and biofilm formation was assessed by crystal violet absorbance at 595 nm. (A) H. pylori SS1 was grown for 3 days in BB media supplemented with different concentrations of FBS (BB10, 10%; BB6, 6%; and BB2, 2%). (B) H. pylori SS1 was grown for 3 days in BB media or Ham’s F-12 supplemented with 10% (HAMS10) or 2% (HAMS2) FBS. (C) H. pylori SS1 was grown in BB medium supplemented with 2% FBS, and biofilm formation was evaluated at different time points. Experiments were performed three independent times with at least 6 technical replicates for each. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA (*, P < 0.05; and **, P < 0.01).