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. 2018 Sep 28;19(10):2957. doi: 10.3390/ijms19102957

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of inhibitory antibodies to Activin A, Gremlin 1 and TGF-β on pro-proliferative signaling molecules in human PAH PAVSMC. Cells, serum-deprived for 48 h, were treated with 3.5 nM antibodies to Activin A, Gremlin 1 and TGF- β, or control IgG in the presence or absence of 10 ng/mL PDGF-BB for 18 h, and immunoblot analyses to detect phosphorylation status of Akt (A), extracellular signal-regulated kinases ½ (ERK1/2) (B), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (C) were performed. Top panels: Representative immunoblots from three experiments, each performed on the cells from different human subject. Bottom panels: Data represent fold changes in P/total protein ratios with P/total ratio for control IgG without stimulation taken as 1 fold. Data are means ± SE, * p < 0.05 by Mann-Whitney U test; n = 3 subjects/group.