Figure 2.

Osteoclastogenic differentiation of RAW264.7-derived osteoclasts on different rough surfaces. RAW264.7-derived macrophages were cultured on glass control and different rough titanium with RANKL for 4 days. (A) Osteoclasts were then stained with TRAP biochemical staining (n = 4). (B) Cell number on these surfaces was quantified by DNA content (n = 4), and their osteoclastogenic differentiation was determined by (C) TRAP activity (n = 4) and gene expression of osteoclast makers including (D) TRAP (n = 3), (E) RANK (n = 3), (F) MMP-9 (n = 3), and (G) CTSK (n = 3). A significant difference was indicated by a, b, c, and d. Groups with different letters mean significant difference, and groups sharing the same letter are not significantly different.