. 2018 Sep 25;10(10):1371. doi: 10.3390/nu10101371

Table 2.

Serum Phospholipid fatty acids in the population.

	Mean (95% CI) ^a N = 395	Mean (95% CI) ^a Men N = 129	Mean (95% CI) ^a Women N = 266	p Value ^b
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs)
14:0 (myristic acid)	0.19 (0.18; 0.20)	0.17 (0.16; 0.19)	0.20 (0.18; 0.21)	0.04
15:0 (pentanoic acid)	0.14 (0.13; 0.143)	0.13 (0.11; 0.14)	0.14 (0.13; 0.15)	0.004
16:0 (palmitic acid)	23.16 (22.86; 23.46)	22.68 (22.01;23.36)	23.40 (23.09; 23.70)	0.03
17:0 (heptadecanoic acid)	0.41 (0.40; 0.42)	0.39 (0.38; 0.41)	0.41 (0.40; 0.42)	0.02
18:0 (stearic acid)	15.13 (14.99;15.26)	14.98 (14.77; 15.19)	15.20 (15.02; 15.37)	NS
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs)
cis-MUFAs
16:1n-7 (palmitoleic acid)	0.59 (0.57; 0.61)	0.56 (0.53; 0.59)	0.61 (0.58; 0.63)	0.03
18:1n-5	0.03 (0.029; 0.034)	0.037 (0.034; 0.04)	0.033 (0.031; 0.035)	NS
18:1n-7 (cis-vaccenic acid)	1.24 (1.22; 1.26)	1.23 (1.20; 1.27)	1.25 (1.22; 1.27)	NS
18:1n-9 (oleic acid)	9.12 (8.99; 9.25)	9.40 (9.17; 9.64)	8.99 (8.84; 9.15)	0.003
trans-MUFAs
16:1n-7/9 (palmitelaidic acid)	0.22 (0.21; 0.23)	0.22 (0.21;0.23)	0.22 (0.21; 0.23)	NS
18:1n-9/12 (elaidic acid)	0.14 (0.13; 0.15)	0.14 (0.13; 0.15)	0.14 (0.129; 0.145)	NS
18:1n-7 (vaccenic acid)	0.03 (0.02; 0.04)	0.07 (0.06; 0.08)	0.065 (0.061; 0.069)	NS
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
cis n-6 PUFAs
18:2n-6 (linoleic acid)	24.42 (24.12; 24.72)	24.89 (24.32; 25.48)	24.19 (23.84; 24.54)	0.03
18:3n-6 (γ-linolenic acid)	0.16 (0.15; 0.17)	0.16 (0.14;0.17)	0.16 (0.15; 0.17)	NS
20:3n-6 (di-homo-γ-linolenic acid)	4.12 (4.02; 4.22)	3.86 (3.69; 4.03)	4.25 (4.12; 4.37)	0.0003
20:4n-6 (arachidonic acid)	13.49 (13.25; 13.74)	13.39 (12.94; 13.87)	13.53 (13.25; 13.82)	NS
22:4n-6 (adrenic acid)	0.60 (0.59; 0.61)	0.61 (0.59; 0.63)	0.59 (0.58; 0.61)	NS
22:5n-6 (osbond acid)	0.47 (0.46; 0.49)	0.44 (0.42;0.47)	0.49 (0.47;0.51)	0.003
Trans-n-6 PUFAs
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)	0.078 (0.07;0.08)	0.077 (0.071; 0.083)	0.078 (0.074; 0.082)	NS
18:2ct, 18:2tc, 18:2tt (trans linoleic acid)	0.89 (0.80; 0.90)	0.099 (0.092; 0.11)	0.081 (0.077; 0.085)	<0.0001
cis-n-9 PUFA
20:3n-9 (mead acid)	0.095 (0.092; 0.098)	0.090 (0.084; 0.097)	0.096 (0.092; 0.10)	0.04
cis-n-3 PUFA
18:3n-3ccc (α-linolenic acid)	0.11 (0.11; 0.12)	0.12 (0.11; 0.13)	0.11 (0.10; 0.12)	NS
20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA)	0.30 (0.29; 0.32)	0.32 (0.29; 0.36)	0.30 (0.28; 0.31)	NS
22:5n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid, DPA)	0.71 (0.69,0.73)	0.78 (0.74; 0.81)	0.68 (0.66;0.70)	<0.0001
22:6n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)	2.84 (2.77; 2.91)	2.89 (2.76;3.03)	2.82 (2.73; 2.90)	NS
Trans-n-3 PUFAs
18:3n-3cct, ctt, ttt (trans α-linolenic acid)	0.01 (0.008; 0.012)	0.01 (0.014; 0.017)	0.01 (0.015; 0.017)	NS
Groupings
Total SFAs	39.25 (39.02; 39.47)	38.65 (38.16; 39.14)	39.54 (39.32; 39.77)	<0.0001
Total cis-MUFAs	11.34 (11.19; 11.48)	11.58 (11.33; 11.84)	11.22 (11.05; 11.39)	0.02
Total trans ruminant fatty acids	0.14 (0.13; 0.15)	0.15 (0.14; 0.16)	0.14 (0.13; 0.145)	NS
Total trans industrial fatty acids	0.49 (0.48; 0.50)	0.50 (0.48;0.52)	0.48 (0.47; 0.50)	0.007
Total trans fatty acids	0.64 (0.63;0.66)	0.66 (0.63;0.69)	0.63 (0.61; 0.65)	0.04
Total cis n-6 PUFAs	44.23 (44.00; 44.46)	44.34 (43.86; 44.83)	44.17 (43.92; 44.42)	NS
Total long-chain n-6 PUFAs	19.33 (19.07; 19.59)	18.93 (18.45; 19.43)	19.52 (19.22; 19.82)	0.04
Total cis n-3 PUFAs	4.10 (4.01; 4.19)	4.24 (4.07; 4.42)	4.03 (3.93; 4.13)	0.03
Total long-chain n-3 PUFAs	3.97 (3.89; 4.06)	4.11 (3.94;4.29)	3.91 (3.81; 4.01)	0.04
Long-chain n-6/n-3 PUFAs	4.86 (4.74; 4.97)	4.61 (4.41; 4.82)	4.99 (4.85; 5.13)	0.002
Ratio n-6/n-3 PUFAs	10.78 (10.53;11.04)	10.46 (10.00; 10.94)	10.94 (10.65; 11.25)	NS
Desaturation indexes
Desaturation index₁₆ (16:1n-7cis/16:0)	0.026 (0.025;0.026)	0.025 (0.024;0.026)	0.026 (0.025; 0.027)	NS
Desaturation index₁₈ (18:1n-9cis/18:0)	0.60 (0.59; 0.61)	0.63 (0.61;0.65)	0.59 (0.58; 0.60)	0.003

^a Fatty acids are expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids and represented as geometric means with 95% confidence intervals (CIs); ^b Independent-sample t-test.