Table 1.
Disease | Model | Protein Involved | Targets Associated/Outcome | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cancers | ||||
Bladder cancer | T24 cells | ↑TIPE3 | ↑PI3K-Akt, ↑MEK-ERK | [31] |
Breast cancer | Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | tumor progression | [8] |
MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓β-catenin, ↓cyclin D1, ↓c-Myc | [36] | |
MDA-MB-231 cells transfected into the dorsal flank of female BALB/c nude mice (4–5 weeks old); two groups (vector group and TIPE2 group) | ↓tumor growth | |||
MCF-7 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑p21 | [14] | |
MDA-MB-231 and LM2-4175 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑SNX1, ↑NR4A1, ↑AP2A1, ↓IL5 ↓SRC, ↓MAPT, ↓NEK2, ↓TRAF4, ↓PDCL, ↓GTF2F2, ↓GRAP2, ↓ABL1, ↓AKAP2, ↓GAP43, ↓PIK3CA, ↓EGFR, |
[9] | |
HS578T and MCF-7 cells | TIPE | - | [37] | |
MDA-MB-435 cells MDA-MB 435 cells transfected via tail vein into female BALB/c mice (6–8 weeks old); eight animals in vector group and 12 animals in TIPE group |
↓TIPE | ↓VEGFR-2, ↓MMP-1, ↓MMP-9 | [38] | |
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 | TIPE3 | ↑MMP2, ↑uPA, ↑AKT, ↑NF-κB | [32] | |
MDA-MB-231 cells | ↑TIPE | - | [39] | |
Cervical cancer | Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | platinum resistance | [40] |
Colon cancer | CACO2 and HCT116 cells | ↑TIPE | ↑cyclin D1, ↑phospho-Rb | [41] |
HT-29 cells | ↓TIPE3 | ↓PI3K-Akt | [31] | |
HCT116 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑p21 | [14] | |
HCT116 cells | TIPE | - | [42] | |
Endometrial cancer | Tumor specimens | ↑TIPE | ↑Ki-67, ↑MMP-9 | [43] |
ESCC | TE-1, TE-8, and TE-15 cells | ↑TIPE | - | [44] |
Eca109 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑apoptosis | [6] | |
Gastric cancer | AGS and HGC-27 cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓Akt, ↓ERK1/2 | [45] |
AGS cells xenografted female BALB/c nude mice (4-week-old); Five mice in each group | ||||
AGS, HGC-27, and SGC-7901 cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓Akt, ↑GSK3β | [46] | |
BGC823 cells | ↓TIPE | caspase-3, -8, -9 | [47] | |
BGC823 cells injected athymic nude mice; four groups containing six animals in each group | ↓TIPE | ↓tumor growth | ||
Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | ↑metastasis, ↓prognosis | [48] | |
AGS, BGC-823, and SGC-7901 cells | TIPE1 | ↓Wnt/β-catenin, ↓MMP-2, ↓MMP-9 | [49] | |
BGC-823 cells injected through tail vein into male nude mice (5–6 weeks old), four groups (including control group) | ||||
MKN-28, SGC-7901, and MGC-803 cells | ↑TIPE | - | [50] | |
Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | - | [51] | |
AGS and HGC-27 cells | ↑TIPE2 | reversal of EMT | [52] | |
Glioma | U87, U251, and U373 MG cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓Wnt/β-catenin, ↓EMT | [53] |
HCC | Bel7402, SK-Hep-1, HepG2, | ↑TIPE | ↓YAP phosphorylation | [7] |
SMMC7721 and Huh7 cells | ||||
Bel7402, SMMC7721, QSG770, HepG2, and HepG2.2.1 cells | TIPE1 | ↓Rac1 | [16] | |
Subcutaneously transplanted H22 cells into male BALB/c mice (6–8 weeks old); two groups (including control group) containing at least five mice in each cohort | ↓tumor growth and weight | |||
HepG2 cells | TIPE2 | ↓Erk1/2-NF-κB | [27] | |
Lung cancer | H292 and A549 cells | ↑TIPE1 | ↓cyclin D1, cyclin B1, ↓caspase3, | [15] |
↓caspase 8, ↓MMP-2, ↓MMP-9 | ||||
A549 cells engrafted into the flank of female BALB/c nude mice; two groups (control group and TIPE1 group) containing five mice in each group | ↑TIPE1 | ↓tumor growth | ||
H460 and H1299 cells | ↑TIPE | ↓phosphorylated LATS1 | [54] | |
A549 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑p21 | [14] | |
H1299 cells | TIPE | - | [42] | |
Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | - | [55] | |
H1975 and A549 cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓Rac1, ↓VEGF | [56] | |
Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | - | [57] | |
H1975 and A549 cells | ↑TIPE3 | ↑Akt, ↑ERK | [30] | |
A549 cells transfected into flanks of male BALB/c nude mice (4–6 weeks old), two groups (mock and C-3 flag TIPE3) containing five mice in each group | ↑tumor growth | |||
NCI-H727 cells | ↑TIPE3 | - | [31] | |
Tissue samples | - | |||
NCI-H460 and A549 cells A549 cells injected into flanks of female BALB/c nude mice (4–6 weeks old); two groups (Control and TIPE group) containing 10 mice in each group |
↓TIPE | ↓MDM2, ↓RAD51 ↓tumor volume |
[58] | |
Melanoma | MDA-MB-435 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑NR4A1, ↑AP2A1, ↓TOP2A, ↓EGFR ↓PDCL, ↓GTF2F2, ↓IL5, ↓GRAP2, ↓AKAP2, ↓GAP43, ↓ABL1 |
[9] |
NHL | Tissue samples | ↑TIPE2 | ↑prognosis | [59] |
514 NHL patients and 557 cancer-free controls | TIPE | TIPE polymorphism rs1045241C > T | [60] | |
Osteosarcoma | 143b, LM7, HOS, SaOS-2, | ↑TIPE | Modulation of miR-138 | [61] |
U2OS and MG-63 cells | ||||
KHOS, 143b, LM7, | ↑TIPE | Modulation of miR-99a | [62] | |
U2OS and MG-63 cells | ||||
U2OS cells | ↓TIPE | ↑p21 | [14] | |
Ovarian cancer | Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | ↓survival | [63] |
OVCAR-3 cells | ↓TIPE | G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, ↑beclin 1, ↑LC II | [64] | |
Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | - | [65] | |
Pancreatic cancer | Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | ↑EGFR | [66] |
Prostate cancer | PC-3 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑IGFBP3, ↑NR4A1, ↑AP2A1, ↓IL5, | [9] |
↓MAPT, ↓TOP2A, ↓TRAF4, ↓EGFR, | ||||
↓PDCL, ↓GTF2F2, ↓GRAP2, ↓ABL1, | ||||
↓GAP43, ↓AKAP2, ↓GRIP1 | ||||
PC-3 cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓PI3K/Akt signaling | [67] | |
PC-3 cells | ↑TIPE | ↑MMPs, ↑VEGFR-2 | [68] | |
PC-3 cells | TIPE | ↑autophagy | [69] | |
Renal cancer | RCC-RS cells | ↑TIPE | - | [39] |
Thyroid cancer | Tissue samples | ↑TIPE | - | [70] |
Inflammatory diseases | ||||
Atherosclerosis | Ldlr−/− female mice; two groups (wild type and TIPE2−/−) containing eight mice in each group | ↓TIPE2 | ↑JNK, ↑NF-κB, ↑p38 | [71] |
VSMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↓contractile proteins, ↑synthetic capacity for growth factors and cytokines |
[72] | |
Colitis | DSS induced male C57BL/6 mice (8-12 weeks old); two groups (wild type and TIPE2−/−) | ↓TIPE2 | ↓TNF-α, ↓IL-6, ↓IL-12 | [73] |
Colonic epithelial cells | ↓TIPE | ↑cell death | [74] | |
DSS-induced mice (8–10 weeks old); two groups (wild type and TIPE2−/−) | ↓TIPE | ↓survival rate, ↑body weight loss, ↑leukocyte infiltration, ↑bacterial invasion, ↑inflammatory cytokine production in the colon | ||
Rheumatoid arthritis | AA-FLSs | ↑TIPE2 | ↑DR5, ↑caspase, ↓NF-κB | [75] |
Synovial fibroblasts | ↑TIPE2 | ↓Rac signaling | [76] | |
Infectious diseases | ||||
AIH | PBMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↑ALT, ↑AST | [77] |
Hepatitis B | PBMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↑perforin, ↑granzyme B, ↑IFN-γ | [78] |
PBMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↑ALT, ↑AST, ↑total bilirubin | [79] | |
↑HBV load | ||||
Male C57BL/6 mice (10–12 weeks old); two groups (wild type and TIPE2−/−) | ↓TIPE2 | ↑hepatic inflammation | ||
Hepatitis B liver failure | PBMCs | ↑TIPE2 | ↓TNF-α, ↓IL-6 | [80] |
Hepatitis B | PBMCs | ↑TIPE2 | ↓IL-6, ↓TNF-α, ↓IFN-γ | [81] |
Hepatitis-C induced hepatic inflammation | PBMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↑TLR signaling | [82] |
Listeria infection | HEPA1-6 cells | ↓TIPE | ↑apoptosis, deregulated Rac1-GTP | [83] |
Liver fibrosis | HSC-T6 cells | ↑TIPE2 | ↓β-Catenin, ↓cmyc, ↓cyclin D1 | [84] |
Neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases | ||||
Myasthenia Gravis | PBMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↑IL-6, ↑IL-17, ↑IL-21 | [85] |
Parkinson’s disease | Dopaminergic neurons | ↑TIPE1 | ↑autophagy, ↓mTOR phosphorylation | [86] |
Other diseases | ||||
CNV | RPE cells | ↓TIPE2 | ↑TNF-α, ↑IL-1β, ↑VEGF | [87] |
Diabetes Mellitus | PBMCs | ↑TIPE2 | ↓TNF-α, ↓IL-6 | [88] |
Diabetic nephropathy | Mesangial cells | ↑TIPE | modulation of NADPH oxidase-mediated signaling pathway | [89] |
Male Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats | ↑TIPE | - | ||
Restenosis | VSMCs | ↓TIPE2 | ↑cyclin D1, ↑cyclin D3 | [90] |
Male C57BL/6J mice (8–12 weeks old); two groups (wild type and TIPE2−/−) | ↓TIPE2 | ↑severity of disease |