Figure 2.

In the presence of Wnt, Dishevelled (Dvl) prevents β-catenin phosphorylation by inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity. β-catenin is stabilized and migrates to the nucleus, where it binds to T cell factor (TCF). In the absence of Wnt signaling, β-catenin is phosphorylated by GSK3β and casein kinase 1α (CK1α) and subsequently ubiquitinated by β-transducin repeat containing protein (βTrCP). Finally, β-catenin is degraded by the proteasome.