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. 2018 Oct 7;10(10):1451. doi: 10.3390/nu10101451

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Visual analogue score (VAS, mm) of hunger (A), desire to eat (B), prospective food consumption (C), fullness (D), nausea (E), and bloating (F; n = 13 healthy young men), after ingestion of a control drink (450 mL; ~2 kcal/‘control’) or iso-volumetric drinks containing protein/carbohydrate/fat: (i) 14 g/28 g/12.4 g (280 kcal/‘M₂₈₀′); (ii) 70 g/28 g/12.4 g (504 kcal/‘M₅₀₄′); or (iii) 70 g/0 g/0 g (280 kcal/‘P₂₈₀′). Effects of time, drink-condition, and the interaction effect of time by drink-condition were determined by repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni corrections. * Effect of time was significant for hunger (P < 0.001), desire to eat (P < 0.001), fullness (P < 0.001), and bloating (P = 0.023). Data presented as mean (± standard error of mean (SEM)).

Visual analogue score (VAS, mm) of hunger (A), desire to eat (B), prospective food consumption (C), fullness (D), nausea (E), and bloating (F; n = 13 healthy young men), after ingestion of a control drink (450 mL; ~2 kcal/‘control’) or iso-volumetric drinks containing protein/carbohydrate/fat: (i) 14 g/28 g/12.4 g (280 kcal/‘M₂₈₀′); (ii) 70 g/28 g/12.4 g (504 kcal/‘M₅₀₄′); or (iii) 70 g/0 g/0 g (280 kcal/‘P₂₈₀′). Effects of time, drink-condition, and the interaction effect of time by drink-condition were determined by repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni corrections. * Effect of time was significant for hunger (P < 0.001), desire to eat (P < 0.001), fullness (P < 0.001), and bloating (P = 0.023). Data presented as mean (± standard error of mean (SEM)).