Table 4.

Intervention studies with parallel design assessing the effects of chronic intake of diets with different GI on body weight ¹.

Study	Sample	Duration	Intervention	Treatment Effects (Low vs. High GI)	Greater Fiber (Low GI)
Buscemi et al. [38]	40 obese adults 20–60 years 25–49.9 kg/m2	3 months	LGI diet, hypocaloric HGI diet, hypocaloric	↔ Weight loss ↔ WC ↔ BMI	No
Philippou et al. [39]	18 adults at risk for heart disease 35–65 years 27–35 kg/m2	12 weeks	LGI diet HGI diet Deficit 500 kcal/day	↔ Weight loss ↔ BMI	No
Abete et al. [40]	32 obese Spanish adults 36 ± 7 years 32.5 ± 4.3 kg/m2	8 weeks	LGI diet HGI diet 30% energy restriction	↓ Body weight	Yes
Das et al. [23]	34 overweight adults 24–42 years 25–30 kg/m2	12 months	LGL diet HGL diet 30% energy restriction	↔ Weight loss, % Body fat ↔ Hunger, satiety (both subj)	No
Sichieri et al. [41]	203 women 25–45 years 23–30 kg/m2	18 months	LGI diet HGI diet Deficit 100–300 kcal/day	↔ Weight loss	No
Juanola-Falgarona et al. [24]	122 overweight or obese adults 30–60 years 27–35 kg/m2	6 months	LGI HGI HGI-LFat 500 kcal energy restriction	↔ Weight loss, WC ↔ BMI ↔ Hunger, satiety (both subj)	No
Karl et al. [42]	46 overweight adults 20–42 years 25–29.9 kg/m2	12 months	LGL-10% energy restriction HGL-10% energy restriction LGL-30% energy restriction HGL-30% energy restriction	↔ Weight loss	No
Karl et al. [43]	91 obese adults	17 weeks	LGI-55% CHO HGI-55% CHO LGI-70% CHO HGI-70% CHO	↔ Weight loss, body composition	No

¹ Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; CHO: carbohydrate; GI: glycemic index; HGI: high GI; HGL: high glycemic load; LFat: low fat; LGI: low GI; LGL: low glycemic load; WC: waist circumference; ↓ lower; ↑: higher; ↔: no difference.