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. 2018 Oct 12;19(10):3127. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103127

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The combination therapy of emodin and sorafenib causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCC cells. (A) The cell cycle analysis after treatment with the combination of emodin and sorafenib in HepG2 cells. (B) The cell cycle analysis after treatment with the combination of emodin and sorafenib in Hep3B, Huh7, SK-HEP-1, and PLC/PRF5 cells. The cells were incubated with emodin (20 μM), sorafenib (2 μM), or the combination (20 μM emodin and 2 μM sorafenib) for 16 h. The values represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. (C) Cell proliferation after treatment with the combination of emodin and sorafenib in five HCC cell lines. The cells were treated with the indicated drugs for 24 h prior to analysis. The values represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. (D) The induction of apoptosis after treatment with the combination of emodin and sorafenib in HepG2 cells. The cells were incubated with emodin and sorafenib for 72 h. The values represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in duplicate; * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01.