Table 2.
Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) of bioactive compounds from marine macroalgae and their bioactivity.
| Macroalgae Species | Ultrasound Operating Conditions | Bioactive Compounds | Bioactivity | Ref. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ultrasound Equipment; Frequency [kHz]; Power [W] | Sample Mass [g] | Solvent Volume [mL] | Temp. [°C] |
Time [min] | ||||
| Hormosira banksii | Ultrasonic bath; 50; 150–250 |
1 | 50 (70% ethanol) | 30, 40 and 50 | 20, 40 and 60 | Polyphenols | Antioxidant | [49] |
| Ascophyllum nodosum | Ultrasound probe; 20; 750 |
4 | 40 (distilled water and 0.03 M HCl) | - | 10 | Polyphenols, fucose and uronic acid | - | [52] |
| Ascophyllum nodosum, Laminaria hyperborea | Ultrasound probe; 20; 750 |
10 | 200 (distilled water and 0.03 M HCl) | - | 15 | Polyphenols, laminarin | Antioxidant | [53] |
| Ecklonia cava | Ultrasonic bath; 40; 200 |
1 | 100 (water; 50% methanol; 100% methanol) |
30 | 360 and 720 | Polyphenols | Antioxidant | [50] |
| Gelidium pusillum | Ultrasonic bath; - 41.97 |
10 | 100 (phosphate buffer 0.1 M) | 30, 35 and 40 | 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 | Phycobili-proteins | - | [54] |
| Sargassum muticum, Osmundea pinnatifida, Codium tomentosum | Ultrasonic bath; 50/60; 400 |
2 | 50 (deionized water) | 50 | 60 | Total phenolics, antioxidants, prebiotic compounds | Antioxidant, prebiotic, α-glucosidase inhibition | [7] |
| Laurencia obtuse | Ultrasonic bath; 40; 250 |
1 | 10–30 (95% ethanol) | 30–50 | 30–60 | Phenolic compounds, antioxidants | Antioxidant | [51] |
| Porphyra yezoensis | Ultrasonic bath; 20; 100, 200 and 300 |
10 | 200 (water) | 20, 40 and 60 | 15, 30 and 45 | Taurine | - | [55] |