Figure 3.

p-ERK and p-Akt expressions in MC3T3-E1 cells with/without fluid shear stress and/or melatonin treatment. MC3T3-E1 cells were incubated in α-MEM supplemented with 10% FBS at 37 °C with 5% CO₂. Fluid flow stress experiments were performed at 1 Hz frequency and ±1 Pa maximum shear stress. MC3T3-E1 cells in the presence or absence of melatonin (0.1, 1 mM) were treated with chloral hydrate (4 mM) for 3 days or nocodazole (10 μg/mL) for 4 h. p-ERK and p-Akt expressions were identified by Western blots (A). p-ERK (B) and p-Akt (C) were quantified with ImageJ analysis software. *** p < 0.001 vs. FBS alone; ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001 vs. FBS + chloral hydrate; ^%%% p < 0.001 vs. FBS + nocodazole; ^&&& p < 0.001, no FSS vs. FSS + chloral hydrate; ⁺⁺⁺ p < 0.001, FSS vs. FSS + chloral hydrate.