TABLE 1: .
| Risk factors for comorbid anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder |
| Earlier age of onset of bipolar disorder (early symptoms of anxiety in high-risk youth) |
| Family history of mood disorders |
| Female gender |
| Childhood sexual abuse |
| Adult sexual assault |
| Comorbid personality disorder |
| Impact of comorbid anxiety disorders and bipolar disorder |
| ↑ # mood episodes |
| ↑ rate of depression as first episode |
| ↑ rate of mixed episodes |
| ↑ rate of rapid cycling |
| ↑ frequency/severity of mood episodes |
| ↑ periods of untreated illness |
| ↑ time to remission |
| ↑ suicidality |
| ↑ risk of substance use |
| ↑ severity of medication adverse events |
| ↑ health care use |
| ↑ psychological distress |
| ↓ response to treatment |
| ↓ adherence to treatment |
| ↓ functioning and quality of life |