Volcano plots showing differentially abundant metabolites (A–C) and complex lipids (D–F) in portal serum. Every possible pair of groups, i.e., PSC versus NC (A,D), PSC versus DC (B,E), and DC versus NC (C,F), were compared. The horizontal axis represents direction and magnitude of change in relative intensities, and the vertical axis represents statistical significance of the change. Two different thresholds for fold change (FC) and false discovery rate (FDR) were used: (i) up- (orange) and downregulated (sky blue) metabolites (FC > 2 and FDR < 0.1); and (ii) very significantly up- (red) and downregulated (blue) metabolites (FC > 10 and FDR < 0.01). Note that very significantly up- and downregulated metabolites are subsets of up- and downregulated metabolites, respectively. Numbers shown in the upper-left and -right corners of each panel represent counts of up- and downregulated metabolites, respectively. Numbers in parentheses represent counts of very significantly up- or downregulated metabolites.