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. 2018 Oct 19;19(10):3234. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103234

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effect of combination treatment with SOR and BA on protein expression of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in human PDAC cell lines—AsPC-1 and BxPC-3. Representative immunoblot of phospho-Akt (Ser473), Akt, phospho-ERK1/2, and ERK1/2 expression from AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 cells treated with sorafenib (AsPC-1: 5 µM, BxPC-3: 3 µM) and betulinic acid (6 µM) alone and in combination (n = 3). Actin served as a loading control. Data are presented as means ± SD. * p < 0.05 compared with the sorafenib treatment group and betulinic acid treatment group.