Table 2.
Origin and use of cell lines in the physiologically relevant models.
| Cell line | Species | Origin | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16HBE14o– | Human | SV40 immortalized bronchial epithelial cells | Bronchial epithelium, toxicity |
| A549 | Human | Lung carcinoma | Alveolar epithelium, toxicity |
| BEAS-2 | Human | Epithelial virus transformed bronchial epithelial cells | Bronchial epithelium, toxicity |
| Caco-2 | Human | Colorectal adenocarcinoma | Intestinal epithelium, barrier function, toxicity |
| CAL27 | Human | Oral squamous cell carcinoma | Cancer cell |
| Calu-3 | Human | Lung adenocarcinoma | Bronchial epithelium, barrier function |
| CRL-2102 (C2BBe1) | Human | Clone of Caco-2 cells | Enterocytes |
| EAhy926 | Human | Fusion of HUVEC with human pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells | Endothelium |
| Fa2N4 | Human | SV 40 immortalized hepatocytes | Hepatocytes |
| hAELVI | Human | Lentivirus immortalized alveolar epithelial cells | Alveolar epithelium, barrier function |
| HeLa | Human | Cervical cancer | Cancer cell |
| Hep3B | Human | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Hepatocytes |
| HepaRG | Human | Liver progenitor cells | Hepatocytes |
| HepG2 Hep2/C3a | Human | Hepatocellular carcinoma derived from HepG2 cells | Hepatocytes |
| HK-2 | Human | Proximal tubule papilloma | Renal tubule cells, barrier function |
| HMC-1 | Human | Mast cell leukaemia | Mast cells |
| HPMEC-ST1.6R | Human | Virus transfected microvascular endothelial cells | Endothelial cells |
| HT29 and HT29-MTX | Human | Colon adenocarcinoma cells and cells treated with methotrexate to induce mucus production | Goblet cells |
| Huh7 | Human | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Hepatocytes |
| ISO-HAS 1 | Human | Haemangiosarcoma | Endothelium |
| J774.A1 | Mouse | Reticulum cell sarcoma | Monocytes/macrophages function |
| LLC-PK1 | Pig | Kidney cells | Renal tubule cells, barrier function |
| LS174 | Human | Colorectal adenocarcinoma | Intestinal epithelium |
| LS513 | Human | Colorectal carcinoma | Intestinal epithelium |
| M5076 | Mouse | Ovarian sarcoma | Cancer cells |
| MCF-7 | Human | Breast adenocarcinoma | Metabolization, action of transporters |
| MDCK | Dog | Distal renal tubules | Renal tubule cells, barrier function |
| MG63 | Human | Osteosarcoma | Osteoblasts |
| MH-S | Murine | Simian virus 40 transformed alveolar macrophages | Alveolar macrophages |
| MLE 12 | Mouse | Lung epithelial cells | Alveolar epithelium |
| MRC-5 | Human | Foetal lung fibroblasts | Fibroblasts |
| NCI-H322 | Human | Bronchoalveolar carcinoma | Alveolar epithelium, toxicity |
| NCI-H441 | Human | Papillary lung adenocarcinoma | Alveolar epithelium |
| NCI-H460 | Human | Large-cell lung cancer | Cancer cell |
| NIH/3T3 | Mouse | Embryonal fibroblasts | Fibroblasts |
| NKi-2 | Human | hTERT immortalized proximal tubule cells | Proximal renal tubule cells |
| NRK52K | Rat | Kidney epithelial cells | Renal tubule cells, barrier function |
| Raji B | Human | Burkitt’s Lymphoma | Induction of M cell formation in co-culture |
| Rat-2 | Rat | Foetal fibroblasts | Fibroblasts |
| RAW 264.7 | Mouse | Abelson murine leukaemia virus-induced tumour | Monocytes/macrophages function |
| T84 | Human | Colorectal carcinoma | Intestinal epithelium |
| THP-1 | Human | Acute monocytic leukaemia | Monocytes/macrophages function |
| TK6 | Human | Hereditary spherocytosis lymphoblasts | Genotoxicity testing |
| TLT | Human | Macrophages | Macrophages |
| U937 | Human | Histiocytic lymphoma | Monocytes/macrophages function |