Table 3. Genetic Animal Models of Tremor.

	Gene/Lesion	Tremor Type (Hz)	Tremor Measure	Ataxia/Others	Cerebellar Pathology/Physiology	Reference
Mouse	Car8 mutation	Tremor (4–14 Hz)	Tremor monitor (San Diego instruments)	Ataxia	Microzonal organization defects, abnormal Purkinje cell firing	53
	crv4 mutation	Intention tremor	Observation	Ataxia		83
	Cp/Heph mutation	Tremor	Observation	Ataxia		84
	D801N mutation	Tremor	Observation	Abnormal motor coordination		85
	GABAA α1 subunit knockout	Tremor (15–19 Hz)	Tremor measured by suspending the tail and attached to the stereo speaker		Absent spontaneous GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials	66
	NPC1 mutation	Tremor	Observation	Motor impairment, hyperactivity, impaired learning and memory		86
	SCN8A mutation	Tremor	Observation	Ataxia and dystonia	Impaired repetitive firing of Purkinje cells in cerebellar slices	87
	SOD1 mutation	Tremor	Observation	Loss of extension reflex in hind-limbs, decreased grip strength and paralysis		88
	SULT4A1 mutation	Tremor	Observation	Ataxia and absence seizures		89
	Vglut2 deletion in the climbing fiber synapses	Tremor (4–14 Hz)	Tremor monitor (San Diego instruments)	Dystonia	Abnormal Purkinje cell simple spike firing (Silencing climbing fiber synaptic transmission)	90
	Wdr81 mutation	Tremor	Observation	Abnormal gait	Purkinje cell degeneration	91
	β-III spectrin knockout	Tremor	Observation	Motor incoordination and a wide hindlimb gait	Purkinje cell loss and cerebellar atrophy	92
	Fig4 knockout	Intention tremor	Observation		hypomyelination of the cerebellum and spongiform degeneration in the deep cerebellar nuclei	93
	Pura knockout	Action tremor	Observation	Waddling gait	Reduced number of Purkinje cells and granule cells	94
	Sticky mouse (Aars mutation)	Tremor	Observation	Ataxia	Purkinje cell degeneration	95
	Scrambler mouse	Body tremor	Observation	Abnormal gait		96
	Toppler mouse	Action tremor	Observation	Ataxia	Purkinje cell loss	97
	Wobbler mouse	Head tremor	Observation	Unsteady gait and muscle atrophy		98
	Weaver mouse	Tremor	Observation	Ataxia and hypertonia		99
Rat	VF mutation	Generalized tremor (especially the caudal body) that peaks between 4–8 weeks and gradually subsides	Observation		Abnormal myelin-associated vacuoles in the white matter of cerebellum	100
	Shaker mutation	Tremor (4–5 Hz)	Force plate-based measurement	Ataxia	Purkinje cell degeneration	60
	TRM/Kyo mutation	Whole body tremor, responsive to propranolol	Observation			102
Hamster	bt mutation	Tremor	Observation		Defective myelination in the central nervous system	101