Table 2.
Means ± SD for proteins, AChE activity, carotenoids, α-tocopherol and triglycerides in bees exposed to IMI and THM for 10 days.
| NEOC (ng/100 ml syrup) | Proteins (mg/g tissue) | AChE (mOD/g prot/h) | α-Carotene (ng/g tissue) | β-Carotene (ng/g tissue) | α-Cryptoxanthin (ng/g tissue) | β-Cryptoxanthin (ng/g tissue) | Lutein (ng/g tissue) | Zeaxanthin (ng/g tissue) | α-Tocopherol (ng/g tissue) | Triglycerides (ng/g tissue) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMI | ||||||||||
| 0 (Control) | 32.2 ± 6.5 | 0.51 ± 0.21 | 254 ± 13 | 116 ± 44 | 83.6 ± 16.7 | 66.2 ± 10.3 | 159 ± 26 | 141 ± 17.5 | 175 ± 19 | 495 ± 112 |
| 6 | 36.2 ± 6.8 | 0.43 ± 0.14 | 263 ± 23 | 124 ± 39 | 80.8 ± 8.60 | 68.5 ± 6.90 | 158 ± 11 | 140 ± 16.0 | 166 ± 19 | 502 ± 920 |
| 20 | 30.5 ± 8.5 | 0.51 ± 0.21 | 251 ± 37 | 121 ± 45 | 79.2 ± 15.9 | 68.5 ± 7.90 | 157 ± 22 | 136 ± 16.5 | 164 ± 30 | 441 ± 600 |
| 60 | 34.9 ± 11.8 | 0.51 ± 0.21 | 212 ± 21* | 078 ± 24 | 71.4 ± 10.9 | 60.1 ± 6.80 | 138 ± 12 | 123 ± 13.7 | 148 ± 23 | 486 ± 101 |
| 200 | 33.2 ± 8.2 | 0.43 ± 0.13 | 233 ± 21Δ | 119 ± 43 | 73.5 ± 8.8Δ | 67.8 ± 8.90 | 155 ± 24 | 141 ± 19.6 | 158 ± 27Δ | 509 ± 108 |
| THM | ||||||||||
| 0 (Control) | 37.8 ± 8.5 | 0.47 ± 0.17 | 162 ± 50 | 199 ± 73 | 77.5 ± 19.8 | 41.3 ± 7.00 | 206 ± 43 | 93.8 ± 22.8 | 129 ± 32 | 714 ± 780 |
| 12 | 39.9 ± 9.9 | 0.39 ± 0.13 | 167 ± 49 | 132 ± 46 | 63.9 ± 11.5 | 38.8 ± 9.70 | 175 ± 56 | 88.4 ± 18.2 | 134 ± 21 | 682 ± 850 |
| 40 | 38.7 ± 7.4 | 0.38 ± 0.19 | 140 ± 28 | 203 ± 49 | 73.6 ± 12.4 | 38.2 ± 4.80 | 168 ± 42 | 73.3 ± 19.3 | 132 ± 43 | 692 ± 860 |
| 120 | 36.2 ± 6.5 | 0.44 ± 0.16 | 169 ± 39 | 241 ± 85 | 72.2 ± 17.1 | 41.4 ± 6.80 | 195 ± 43 | 87.9 ± 16.0 | 153 ± 36 | 673 ± 127 |
| 400 | 34.9 ± 11.9 | 0.42 ± 0.18 | 180 ± 38 | 161 ± 35 | 77.6 ± 14.0 | 41.1 ± 3.70 | 174 ± 35 | 78.1 ± 13.2 | 137 ± 21 | 661 ± 115 |
Values are for 10 pools of 4 bee heads for proteins and AChE activity and 8 pools of 10 whole bees for carotenoids, α-tocopherol and triglycerides. *p < 0.05 GLM one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett t test, and Δp < 0.05 Jonkheere-Terpstra trend test.