Fig. 7. aPKC-ι and GLI1 were associated with poor prognosis in patients with GBC and modulated the secretion of chemokines.

a IHC staining showing aPKC-ι or GLI1 expression in 72 human GBC samples and pair-matched normal tissues. Scale bar, 50 μm. b Kaplan−Meier analysis indicating the correlation between aPKC-ι or GLI1 expression and overall survival in patients with GBC. c Linear regression was used to analyze the correlations between ASPP2 and aPKC-ι or GLI1. d ELISA was used to analyze the secretion of CCL2, CCL5, and TNF-α into the supernatants of GBC cell cultures after transfection with aPKC-ι-siRNA or GLI1-siRNA. e Schematic summarizing how ASPP2 regulated invasion and metastasis via the aPKC-ι-GLI1 pathway and enhanced macrophage recruitment in GBC. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, determined by independent Student’s t tests. Data are derived from three independent experiments and are presented as means ± SDs