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Parameters derived from the J-V curves of the champion rigid PSCs based on different SnO2 substrates
| Devices | Sweep | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA cm−2) | FF | PCE (%) | Average PCE (%) | HI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SnO2 NCs | RS | 1.099 | 22.45 | 0.78 | 19.27 | 18.55 ± 0.52 | 0.17 |
| FS | 1.030 | 22.45 | 0.71 | 16.42 | 15.34 ± 0.71 | ||
| SnO2 NCs/KOH | RS | 1.148 | 22.60 | 0.79 | 20.50 | 19.69 ± 0.41 | 0.01 |
| FS | 1.146 | 22.60 | 0.79 | 20.46 | 19.48 ± 0.41 |
