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. 2018 Oct 16;9(10):522. doi: 10.3390/mi9100522
The Nomenclature of the Variables
ρ The density of the liquid
γ The surface tension of the liquid
dn The nozzle outer diameter
f The pulsation frequency of the jet ejection under constant applied voltage
ε0 The dielectric constant of air
εr The relative dielectric constant of the liquid
μ The viscosity of the liquid
U The applied voltage
H The nozzle-to-substrate distance
V The ejection volume
Qe The equivalent flow rate on the jet
En The normal electric field on the meniscus
Qs The supplied flow rate
K The conductivity of the liquid
τs The electric shear stress
Es The electric shear field
σ The surface charge density
σe The equilibrium surface charge density
I The current emitted by the jet
rc The diameter of some point at the cone surface
dj The jet diameter
te=εrε0/K The charge relaxation time
tc=(ρdn3/γ)1/2 The capillary time
Ln The length of the nozzle
U The dimensionless applied voltage
V The dimensionless ejection volume
K The dimensionless conductivity
H The dimensionless nozzle-to-substrate distance