Table 10.
Sterols and phytols in Wolffia species.
| Clone | Total sterols | Phytol | Dihydro-phytol | Campesterol | Stigmasterol | β-Sitosterol | Sitostanol | Δ5-Avena-sterol | Δ7-Sitosterol | 24-Methylene cycloartanol |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W. angusta 8878 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 0.2 | 11 | 12 | 75 | n.d. | 2 | n.d. | n.d. |
| W. arrhiza 8618 | 5.2 | 1.8 | n.d. | 9 | n.d. | 84 | 7 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| W. arrhiza 8853 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 0.7 | 8 | 5 | 73 | 14a | n.q. | n.d. | n.d. |
| W. arrhiza 9528 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 11 | 2 | 77 | 10a | n.q. | n.d. | n.d. |
| W. australiana 7540* | 3.8 | 4.9 | 0.5 | 7 | 20 | 61 | n.d. | 6 | n.d. | 2 |
| W. borealis 9123 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 1.3 | 8 | 4 | 81 | n.d. | 3 | n.d. | 4 |
| W. brasiliensis 7925 | 3.7 | 5.2 | n.d. | 7 | 17 | 73 | n.d. | 3 | n.d. | n.d. |
| W. columbiana 7155* | 4.4 | 4.7 | n.d. | 5 | 1 | 73 | n.d. | n.q.b | 17 | n.d. |
| W. cylindracea 9056* | 4.6 | 3.6 | 0.4 | 8 | 1 | 77 | 11a | n.q. | n.d. | 2 |
| W. elongata 9188* | 5.3 | 3.8 | 0.7 | 13 | 17 | 57 | n.d. | n.q.b | n.d. | 7 |
| W. globosa 5514 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 7 | 4 | 79 | n.d. | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| W. globosa 5515 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 6 | 5 | 78 | n.d. | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| W. globosa 5537 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 1.1 | 5 | 3 | 82 | n.d. | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| W. globosa 9498 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 12 | 5 | 77 | n.d. | 6 | n.d. | n.d. |
| W. microscopica 2005* | 3.6 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 12 | 15 | 60 | n.d. | 9 | n.d. | 3 |
| W. neglecta 9149* | 3.9 | 3.0 | 0.5 | 7 | 4 | 80 | n.d. | 4 | n.d. | n.d. |
| RSD (%) | 7 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Average | 4.1 | 3.9 | 0.9 | 8 | 7 | 70 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 4 |
| ± SD | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 3 | 6 | 19 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 2 |
Total sterols, phytol and dihydrophytol are given in g/100 g fat. LOD = 0.007 g/100 g fat, LOQ = 0.02 g/100 g fat. Sterol components were given as % of total sterols. n.d., not detectable; n.q., not quantifiable. Limit of detection (LOD) and Limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated as three and ten times the noise signal of a blank. For further explanations see Table 2.
Coelution with Δ5-avenasterol,
Coelution with β-amyrin (~4–5 mg/g fat)
further minor sterols contributing up to 6% to the total sterol content which are not listed here were 24- methylene cholesterol, cycloartenol, Δ7-stigmastenol and Δ5,24(25)-stigmastadienol
Method precision < 10%, calculated for each substance as relative standard deviation (RSD) within the actual measurement concentration (nsample = 2; 2 ≤ nbatch ≤ 16)