| Nanoparticles |
Glycerol(Sameti et al., 2003) |
Trehalose, sucrose, fructose, glucose, sorbitol (10%) (Fonte et al., 2012) |
20% Trehalose/Fructose (Date et al., 2010) |
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Gelatine(Schwarz and Mehnert, 1997) |
Mannitol (Alihosseini et al., 2015) |
Trehalose/Sucrose (Almalik et al., 2017) |
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Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Abdelwahed et al., 2006a,b) |
Trehalose (Subedi et al., 2009) |
10% DMSO/0.2 M sucrose (Marquez-Curtis et al., 2015) |
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Polyvinyl alcohol (Quintanar-Guerrero et al., 1998; Abdelwahed et al., 2006a) |
Mannitol-dextrose-sucrose in ratio of 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1 (Patel et al., 2011) |
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Glucose (Quintanar-Guerrero et al., 1998; Kesenci et al., 2001; Abdelwahed et al., 2006a) |
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Lactose (Cui et al., 2003; (Hu et al., 2018)
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Fructose (Zimmermann et al., 2000) |
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Dextran (Roy et al., 1997; Chacón et al., 1999) |
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Sucrose (Quintanar-Guerrero et al., 1998; Kesenci et al., 2001; Abdelwahed et al., 2006a) |
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Sorbitol (Storm et al., 1995; Kesenci et al., 2001; Panyam and Labhasetwar, 2012) Aerosil (colloidal silicon dioxide) (Schaffazick et al., 2003) |
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| Liposomes |
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Sucrose (Gala et al., 2015) |
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Trehalose (Harrigan et al., 1990; Hau et al., 2003; Nounou and El-Khordagui, 2005; El-Nesr et al., 2010; Nidhi et al., 2011) |
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Glucose, lactose, trehalose, and mannitol (Stark et al., 2010) |
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| Mammalian cells |
DMSO (Bruder et al., 1997; Bozzo, 1999; Rust et al., 2006; Hendriks et al., 2010; Martinello et al., 2010; Thirumala et al., 2010; Chase et al., 2011; Xu et al., 2012; Dariolli et al., 2013; Chang et al., 2015)Ectoin (Heinrich et al., 2007; Sun et al., 2012; Bissoyi and Pramanik, 2013)Hydroxyectoin (Sun et al., 2012) 0.5, 1, or 1.5 M EG or propylene glycol or DMSO (Woods et al., 2010) |
Trehalose (Beattie et al., 1997; Eroglu et al., 2000; Ann, 2005; Katenz et al., 2007; Motta et al., 2014; Tanaka et al., 2014; Rao et al., 2015; Cardoso et al., 2017; Martinetti et al., 2017) |
DMSO + Trehalose (Chen et al., 2016) 2% DMSO in DMEM (Thirumala et al., 2010) Proline (1%) + ectoin (10%) (Freimark et al., 2011) Ectoine + trehalose + PEG (El Assal et al., 2014)PVP (Damjanovic and Thomas, 1974; Ray et al., 2016; Wiki) DMSO + 0.2 M sucrose (Roy et al., 2014)1,2-propanediol (Huang et al., 2015)Sucrose (Carrasco-Ramírez et al., 2016)0–10% DMSO + 0-10% HES (Naaldijk et al., 2012) DMSO or glycerol (5 or 10%) + sucrose (30 or 60 mM) + Trehalose (60 or 100 mM) (De Lara Janz et al., 2012)10% DMSO or 10% glycerol or 10% ethylene glycol (Ding et al., 2010) |
Cellbanker (commercial-DMSO based) (Kotobuki et al., 2005; Edamura et al., 2014; Nam et al., 2014)50% Cryoprotective Medium (Lonza, Allendale, NJ, United States), 25% RPMI-1640, and 25% FBS (Jong et al., 2017) |
| Embryos and oocytes |
PG/DMSO/EG (Trad et al., 1999) |
PVP (Kim et al., 2008) |
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Trehalose (Eroglu et al., 2002) |
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| Proteins |
Proline (Pemberton et al., 2012) |
Sucrose (Crowe et al., 1987) |
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Trehalose (Jain and Roy, 2009; Lee, 2014) |
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| Tissues |
DMSO (Casado-Díaz et al., 2008; Woods et al., 2010; Shen et al., 2012; Badowski et al., 2014; Choudhery et al., 2014; Lindemann et al., 2014) |
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40% EG/18% ficoll/0.3 M sucrose/20% FBS (Moon et al., 2008) |
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10% DMSO/10% EG/0.5 M sucrose (Dulugiac et al., 2015) |
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5% EG/35% PG/6% sucrose |
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5% EG/35% PG/5% sucrose/1% PVA (Wang et al., 2011) |
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40% EG/18% ficoll/0.3M sucrose/20% FBS (Kaviani et al., 2014; Shivakumar et al., 2015) |
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10% DMSO/5% Glycerol/0.2,0.5 M sucrose (Roy et al., 2014) |
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10% DMSO/5% Glycerol (Chatzistamatiou et al., 2014) |
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| EVs |
DMSO (Wu et al., 2015b) |
Trehalose (Bosch et al., 2016) |
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Albumin (Lörincz et al., 2014) |
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