Fig 6.

GLP-1 provides cellular protection against oxidative stress in endothelial cells through restoring HDAC6 expression. (A) Cells were pretreated with or without GLP-1 (10 nM) for 1 h in the presence or absence of Ex-9 (10 nM) and incubated with H₂O₂ (1 mM) for 12 h, HDAC6 were detected by immunofluorescence analysis. (B, C, D) Cells were treated as (A), HDAC6, ac-α-tubulin and LC3 were detected by Western blot. (E, F) Cells were treated as (A), cell migratory and adhesive ability was determined by the methods as described above. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, **p<0.01 as compared with the control values; #p<0.05, ##p<0.01 as compared with the values of cells treated with H₂O₂; &p<0.05, &&p<0.01 as compared with the values of cells treated with H₂O₂ plus GLP-1. Scale bar = 50 μm.