Table 1. Average runtimes of 10 initializations for both PCAngsd and NGSadmix.

Dataset	$n$	$\mathrm{m}$	$\mathrm{K}$	PCAngsd	NGSadmix (min)	Depth (×)
Simulated	380	0.4 million	3	2.9 min (2.1 min)	7.9	$0.5-5$
1000 Genomes	193	8 million	4	27.3 min (19.5 min)	424.9	$1.5-12.5$
Waterbuck	73	9.4 million	5	14.5 min (9.3 min)	192	$2.2-4.7$

The runtimes reported for PCAngsd include reading of data and estimation of covariance matrix and admixture proportions, while runtimes listed in parentheses only include estimation of admixture proportions, when parsing previously estimated individual allele frequencies. All tests have been performed server-side using 32 threads.